Accessibility, constraint, and repetition in adaptive floral evolution.
Accessibility, constraint, and repetition in adaptive floral evolution.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.05.003
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Hileman, Lena C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wessinger, Carolyn A.;Hileman, Lena C.
适应性表型进化是由多个生物性状的自然选择以及性状之间的遗传相关性形成的。遗传相关性可以通过多效性产生，并且可以使表型变异的产生偏向于某些性状的组合。这种现象被称为发展偏见或限制。发育偏差可能加速或限制表型进化，这取决于选择行为是否与性状之间的遗传相关性平行或相反。我们讨论的例子，从花的进化，花性状之间的遗传相关性，有助于快速，协调的进化，在多个花器官表型，并建议未来的研究方向，将探讨适应的遗传基础和遗传相关性的预先存在的结构之间的关系。另一方面，自然选择可能会垂直于强遗传相关性，例如当两个性状由相同基因的子集编码时，自然选择有利于一个性状的变化和第二个性状的稳定性。在这种情况下，适应受到遗传变异的限制，这种变异可以影响焦点性状，而多效性效应最小。植物多样化的例子表明，某些适应性的起源取决于基因拷贝的先前进化，该基因拷贝具有减少的多效性效应，通过基因复制然后亚功能化或新功能化的过程产生。在某些发育途径中的基因重复的历史似乎允许特定的开花植物谱系反复进化适应，否则可能会受到发育限制。
Adaptive phenotypic evolution is shaped by natural selection on multiple organismal traits as well as by genetic correlations among traits. Genetic correlations can arise through pleiotropy and can bias the production of phenotypic variation to certain combinations of traits. This phenomenon is referred to as developmental bias or constraint. Developmental bias may accelerate or constrain phenotypic evolution, depending on whether selection acts parallel or in opposition to genetic correlations among traits. We discuss examples from floral evolution where genetic correlations among floral traits contribute to rapid, coordinated evolution in multiple floral organ phenotypes and suggest future research directions that will explore the relationship between the genetic basis of adaptation and the pre-existing structure of genetic correlations. On the other hand, natural selection may act perpendicular to a strong genetic correlation, for example when two traits are encoded by a subset of the same genes and natural selection favors change in one trait and stability in the second trait. In such cases, adaptation is constrained by the availability of genetic variation that can influence the focal trait with minimal pleiotropic effects. Examples from plant diversification suggest that the origin of certain adaptations depends on the prior evolution of a gene copy with reduced pleiotropic effects, generated through the process of gene duplication followed by subfunctionalization or neofunctionalization. A history of gene duplication in some developmental pathways appears to have allowed particular flowering plant linages to have repeatedly evolved adaptations that might otherwise have been developmentally constrained.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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两个层面的进化：基因和形态。
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Carroll, SB