Dependence of Aortic Arch Morphogenesis on Intracardiae Blood Flow in the Left Atrial Ligated Chick Embryo
Dependence of Aortic Arch Morphogenesis on Intracardiae Blood Flow in the Left Atrial Ligated Chick Embryo
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.20885
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Hawkins, John A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Norman;Christensen, Douglas A.;Hawkins, John A.
心脏间隔前部分左心房结扎会重新分配心内血流并导致雏鸡左心室发育不全。我们假设心内血流的重新分配会对主动脉弓发育产生不利影响。我们在第 21 阶段的鸡胚胎中用 10-0 尼龙缝线结扎左心耳，然后重新孵化至第 34 阶段。假胚胎的缝线紧邻心房壁，而正常对照未进行手术。我们使用超声脉冲多普勒流量计同时测量了 24 期胚胎的房室 (AV) 和背主动脉 (DAo) 血流速度；并用激光多普勒流量计测量左、右第三、第四主动脉弓的血流情况。从连续视频场测量心室和心房横截面积以进行平面测量。通过将印度墨水注入卵黄静脉，将心内血流模式成像在视频上。在单独的胚胎中，将不透射线的微丝注射到心血管系统中进行 mu-CT 扫描。我们分析了34期心脏的形态特征。与正常胚胎和假胚胎相比，结扎胚胎的活动AV和DAo每搏输出量(mm(3))、右第三和第四主动脉弓血流量(mm(3)/s)均减少(P < 0.05)。与正常胚胎和假胚胎相比，心室舒张末期容积分别减少 45% 和 46%（P < 0.05）。印度墨水注射显示，与正常胚胎相比，结扎胚胎的右主动脉弓血流模式发生了改变。 mu-CT 成像证实了牙弓形态发生的改变。心内血流的改变会扰乱早期心脏形态发生和主动脉弓选择。阿纳特记录，292：652660，2009。 (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Partial left atrial ligation before cardiac septation redistributes intracardiac blood flow and produces left ventricular hypoplasia in the chick. We hypothesized that redistributed intracardiac blood flow adversely alters aortic arch development. We ligated the left atrial appendage with a 10-0 nylon suture at stage 21 chick embryos, then reincubated up to stage 34. Sham embryos had a suture tied adjacent to the atrial wall, and normal controls were unoperated. We measured simultaneous atrioventricular (AV) and dorsal aortic (DAo) blood velocities from stage 24 embryos with an ultrasound pulsed-Doppler flow meter; and the left and right third and fourth aortic arch blood flow with a laser-Doppler flow meter. Ventricular and atrial cross-sectional areas were measured from sequential video fields for planimetry. Intracardiac flow patterns were imaged on video by injecting India ink into the vitelline vein. In separate embryos, radiopaque microfil was injected into the cardiovascular system for mu-CT scanning. We analyzed the morphologic characteristics of the heart at stage 34. Active AV and DAo stroke volume (mm(3)), right third and fourth aortic arch blood flow (mm(3)/s) were all decreased in ligated embryos (P < 0.05) when compared with normal and sham embryos. Ventricular end-diastolic volume versus normal and sham embryos decreased by 45% and 46%, respectively (P < 0.05). India ink injection revealed altered right aortic arch flow patterns in the ligated embryos compared with normal embryos. mu-CT imaging confirmed altered arch morphogenesis. Alterations in intracardiac blood flow disrupt both early cardiac morphogenesis and aortic arch selection. Anat Rec, 292:652660,2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss,Inc.