Phosphorus and iron deficiencies induce a metabolic reprogramming and affect the exudation traits of the woody plant Fragaria×ananassa.
Phosphorus and iron deficiencies induce a metabolic reprogramming and affect the exudation traits of the woody plant Fragaria×ananassa.
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erv364
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发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
F. Valentinuzzi;Y. Pii;G. Vigani;M. Lehmann;S. Cesco;T. Mimmo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Valentinuzzi;Y. Pii;G. Vigani;M. Lehmann;S. Cesco;T. Mimmo
草莓是浆果中非常受欢迎的水果，因为它们的商业和经济重要性，但特别是因为它们对人类健康的有益作用。然而，它们的生物活性化合物含量与植物的营养状况密切相关，如果发生营养失调（例如铁或磷短缺），可能会受到影响。为了克服养分短缺，植物进化出不同的机制，这通常涉及根系分泌物的释放。根系分泌及其调控的生物化学和分子机制至今仍知之甚少，特别是在木本作物物种。因此，这项工作的目的是通过研究根组织的代谢组学变化和推定参与分泌物分泌的基因的表达，来表征缺磷或缺铁条件下生长的草莓植物的根系分泌模式。虽然磷和铁的不足差异影响总代谢，一些代谢产物（如棉子糖和半乳糖）积累在两种条件下类似的根。此外，P缺乏具体影响半乳糖苷酸，苹果酸，赖氨酸，脯氨酸，山梨醇-6-磷酸的含量，而Fe缺乏具体影响蔗糖，脱氢抗坏血酸，半乳糖酸，阿魏酸的含量。与此同时，柠檬酸盐含量并没有改变在两个营养不足的控制下的根。然而，观察到柠檬酸盐的强烈释放，并且其随时间显著增加，与对照相比，在Fe-和P-缺乏的植物中分别高+250%和+300%。此外，同时，在两种处理中观察到生长培养基的显著酸化。基因表达分析第一次强调，至少有两个成员的多药和有毒化合物外排（MATE）转运蛋白家族和质膜H（+）-ATP酶家族的一个成员参与草莓植物对磷和铁饥饿的反应。
Strawberries are a very popular fruit among berries, for both their commercial and economic importance, but especially for their beneficial effects for human health. However, their bioactive compound content is strictly related to the nutritional status of the plant and might be affected if nutritional disorders (e.g. Fe or P shortage) occur. To overcome nutrient shortages, plants evolved different mechanisms, which often involve the release of root exudates. The biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying root exudation and its regulation are as yet still poorly known, in particular in woody crop species. The aim of this work was therefore to characterize the pattern of root exudation of strawberry plants grown in either P or Fe deficiency, by investigating metabolomic changes of root tissues and the expression of genes putatively involved in exudate extrusion. Although P and Fe deficiencies differentially affected the total metabolism, some metabolites (e.g. raffinose and galactose) accumulated in roots similarly under both conditions. Moreover, P deficiency specifically affected the content of galactaric acid, malic acid, lysine, proline, and sorbitol-6-phosphate, whereas Fe deficiency specifically affected the content of sucrose, dehydroascorbic acid, galactonate, and ferulic acid. At the same time, the citrate content did not change in roots under both nutrient deficiencies with respect to the control. However, a strong release of citrate was observed, and it increased significantly with time, being +250% and +300% higher in Fe- and P-deficient plants, respectively, compared with the control. Moreover, concomitantly, a significant acidification of the growth medium was observed in both treatments. Gene expression analyses highlighted for the first time that at least two members of the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporter family and one member of the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase family are involved in the response to both P and Fe starvation in strawberry plants.