Revisiting Jung's concept of innate sensitiveness
Revisiting Jung's concept of innate sensitiveness
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1465-5922.2004.00465.x
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
0.4
通讯作者：
Aron, EN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aron, EN
容格认为，与生俱来的敏感倾向使一些人特别容易受到童年负面经历的影响，所以后来，当他们面临适应某些挑战的压力时，他们会退回到基于这些经历的幼稚幻想中，变得神经质。回顾了作者和其他人最近的研究，以支持荣格的敏感度理论，认为它是对经验的明显彻底的有意识和无意识的反映。事实上，这种与生俱来的倾向可能存在于大约20%的人类身上，从某种意义上说，在大多数物种中，大约这个比例将证明一种在采取行动之前彻底处理信息的策略，而大多数人依赖于高效、快速的运动活动。有了这种彻底的处理，敏感的人很容易发现微妙之处--包括任何令人痛苦或具有威胁性的东西。因此，正如荣格所观察到的，如果童年时期的压力程度与不敏感的人相同，敏感的人会发展出更多的抑郁、焦虑和害羞。如果没有过度的压力，他们对这些困难的证据并不比不敏感的人多--或者甚至更少，因为他们异常地意识到来自照顾者的支持和负面暗示。考虑到这种相互作用，一项治疗任务是区分这种童年困难的影响和不需要治疗的影响，这是这种特征本身对没有发育史障碍的成年人的典型影响。
Jung suggested that innate sensitiveness predisposes some individuals to be particularly affected by negative childhood experiences, so that later, when under pressure to adapt to some challenge, they retreat into infantile fantasies based on those experiences and become neurotic. Recent research by the author and others is reviewed to support Jung's theory of sensitiveness as a distinctly thorough conscious and unconscious reflection on experiences. Indeed, this probably innate tendency is found in about twenty percent of humans, and, in a sense, in most species, in that about this percentage will evidence a strategy of thoroughly processing information before taking action, while the majority depend on efficient, rapid motor activity. Given this thorough processing, sensitive individuals readily detect subtleties-including whatever is distressing or threatening. Hence, as Jung observed, given the same degree of stress in childhood as non-sensitive individuals, sensitive persons will develop more depression, anxiety, and shyness. Without undue stress, they evidence no more of these difficulties than the non-sensitive-or even less, being unusually aware of supportive as well as negative cues from caregivers. Given this interaction, one treatment task is to distinguish the effects of such childhood difficulties from what does not need treatment, which are the typical effects of the trait itself on an adult without a troubled developmental history.