Visual recognition memory is impaired in rhesus monkeys repeatedly exposed to sevoflurane in infancy
Visual recognition memory is impaired in rhesus monkeys repeatedly exposed to sevoflurane in infancy
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DOI：
10.1093/bja/aew473
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Baxter, M. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alvarado, M. C.;Murphy, K. L.;Baxter, M. G.
背景动物实验研究表明，婴儿期全身麻醉可导致中枢神经系统细胞损失和神经认知功能长期受损。一些人类流行病学研究表明，在幼儿期反复麻醉暴露后，学习障碍的风险增加。因此，我们在高度平移的恒河猴模型中研究了婴儿期反复暴露于吸入麻醉剂七氟烷是否与生命最初两年期间视觉识别记忆受损相关。雄性和雌性恒河猴在产后第7天左右暴露于七氟烷吸入麻醉，然后在14天和28天后再次暴露于七氟烷吸入麻醉，每次4小时。视觉识别记忆是使用视觉配对比较任务进行测试的，该任务通过评估对新图像的偏好来衡量记忆，而不是以前看过的图像。猴子在6-10个月大时进行测试，在12-18个月大时再次测试，在24-30个月大时再次测试。在6-10个月大时未检测到记忆障碍，但在12-18个月和24-30个月大时观察到明显的记忆障碍（观看新图像的时间减少）。恒河猴幼猴重复暴露于七氟烷导致出生后1年出现视觉识别记忆障碍。这与流行病学研究一致，研究表明婴儿/幼儿反复接触麻醉后学习障碍的风险增加。此外，这些缺陷可能会出现在以后的发展阶段，即使是在记忆表现不受影响的早期发展。
Background. Experimental studies in animals have shown that exposure to general anaesthesia in infancy can cause loss of cells in the central nervous system and long-term impairments in neurocognitive function. Some human epidemiological studies have shown increased risk of learning disability after repeated anaesthesia exposure in early childhood. Thus, we investigated in a highly translational rhesus monkey model, whether repeated exposure in infancy to the inhalation anaesthetic sevoflurane is associated with impaired visual recognition memory during the first two yr of life.Methods. Rhesus monkeys of both sexes were exposed to sevoflurane inhalation anaesthesia on approximately postnatal day 7 and then again 14 and 28 days later, for four h each time. Visual recognition memory was tested using the visual paired comparison task, which measures memory by assessing preference for looking at a new image over a previouslyviewed image. Monkeys were tested at 6-10 months of age, again at 12-18 months of age, and again at 24-30 months of age.Results. No memory impairment was detected at 6-10 months old, but significant impairment (reduced time looking at the novel image) was observed at 12-18 and 24-30 months old.Conclusions. Repeated exposure of infant rhesus monkeys to sevoflurane results in visual recognition memory impairment that emerges after the first yr of life. This is consistent with epidemiological studies that show increased risk of learning disability after repeated exposure to anaesthesia in infancy/early childhood. Moreover, these deficits may emerge at later developmental stages, even when memory performance is unaffected earlier in development.