Income and racial disparities in access to public parks and private recreation facilities
Income and racial disparities in access to public parks and private recreation facilities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2007.09.030
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Chapman, James E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abercrombie, Lauren C.;Sallis, James F.;Chapman, James E.
背景资料：健康结果和健康行为的差异可能部分由邻里环境中缺乏支持健康行为的资源来解释。本研究的目的是测试的假设，低收入和高少数民族社区有较少的公共公园，开放空间，和私人康乐facility.Methods：从2004年至2005年，351个私人娱乐设施和465个公园的库存进行了833人口普查块组在玛丽和。在双向ANCOVA，私人设施和公共公园的数量，以及最大的公园规模，进行了研究，在有关类别的中位数收入和百分比的非白人人口的块groups.Results：私人娱乐设施的数量，没有显着的影响，收入或百分比少数。对于公园的数量和规模，收入和少数民族百分比之间的相互作用是显着的。无论收入如何，混合种族社区的公园数量最多。居住在白人聚居区的中低收入群体和居住在少数族裔聚居区的高收入群体进入公园的机会最少。在低收入和高少数族裔社区，没有发现预期的娱乐设施被剥夺的现象。在全国范围内发现的不平等现象也有例外，因此，我们有需要更深入了解一些地区有关更公平地分配康乐资源的政策或做法。
Background: Disparities in health outcomes and health behaviors may be partially explained by neighborhood environments that are poor in rcsources that could support healthy behaviors. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that low-income and high-minority neighborhoods have less access to public parks, open space, and private recreation facilities.Methods: From 2004 to 2005, an inventory of 351 private recreation facilities and 465 public parks was conducted in 833 Census block groups in Maryl and. In 2-way ANCOVAs, numbers of private facilities and public parks, as well as maximum park size, were studied in relation to categories of median income and percent non-white population in the block groups.Results: For the number of private recreation facilities, there was no significant effect of income or percent minority. For number and size of parks, the interaction between income and percent minority was significant. Mixed-race neighborhoods had the highest number of parks, regardless of income. Low- and middle-income groups living in mostly-white block groups and high-income groups living in mostly-minority block groups had the lowest access to public parks.Conclusions: The expected deprivation of recreation facilities in low-income and high-minority neighborhoods was not found. There are exceptions to the inequalities found nationally, so the policies or practices associated with a fairer distribution of recreation resources in some local areas need to be better understood.