Environmental correlates of walking and cycling: Findings from the transportation, urban design, and planning literatures
Environmental correlates of walking and cycling: Findings from the transportation, urban design, and planning literatures
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DOI：
10.1207/s15324796abm2502_03
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Frank, LD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saelens, BE;Sallis, JF;Frank, LD
交通、城市设计和规划方面的研究考察了自然环境变量与个人步行和骑自行车出行之间的关系。这些领域的结构、方法和发现可以被体育活动和健康研究人员应用，以提高对环境对体育活动影响的理解。在这篇综述中，定义了与步行/骑自行车交通相关的社区环境特征，包括人口密度、连通性和土地利用组合。考虑到邻里比较和与非机动交通结果的相关性研究，有证据表明，与低密度、连接不良和单一的社区相比，来自密度更高、连通性更强、土地使用组合更多的社区的居民报告了更高的出于功利目的的步行/骑自行车率。土地利用社区。环境变量出现了。为了增加方差，超出了社会人口统计学对步行/骑自行车作为交通工具的预测。概述了交通文献对身体活动和相关研究的影响。未来体育活动研究的研究方向将进一步探讨社区和其他物理环境因素对体育活动的影响以及社会心理和环境变量的潜在交互作用。交通、城市设计和规划方面的文献为环境对人口身体活动水平的影响的多学科研究提供了一个有价值的起点。
Research in transportation, urban design, and planning has examined associations between physical environment variables and individuals' walking and cycling for transport. Constructs, methods, and findings from these fields can be applied by Physical activity and health researchers to improve understanding of environmental influences on physical activity. In this review, neighborhood environment characteristics proposed to be relevant to walking/cycling for transport are defined, including population density, connectivity, and land use mix. Neighborhood comparison and correlational studies with nonmotorized transport outcomes are considered, with evidence suggesting that residents from communities with higher density, greater connectivity, and more land use mix report higher rates of walking/cycling for utilitarian purposes' than low-density, poorly connected, and single. land use neighborhoods. Environmental variables appear. to add to variance accounted for beyond sociodemographic predictors of walking/cycling for transport. Implications of the transportation literature for physical activity and, related research are outlined. Future research directions are detailed for physical activity research to further examine the impact-of neighborhood and other physical environment factors on physical activity and the potential interactive effects of psycho social and environmental variables. The transportation, urban design, and planning literatures provide a valuable starting point for multidisciplinary research on environmental contributions to physical activity levels in the population.