Warming alters the size spectrum and shifts the distribution of biomass in freshwater ecosystems
Warming alters the size spectrum and shifts the distribution of biomass in freshwater ecosystems
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02321.x
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Woodward, Guy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yvon-Durocher, Gabriel;Montoya, Jose M.;Woodward, Guy
生物体大小是决定群落结构的关键因素之一，其与丰度的关系可以描述生态系统中生物量在生物群中的分配。一个室外淡水围隔实验被用来确定类似4摄氏度的变暖将如何影响浮游生物群落的大小，生物量和分类结构。变暖增加了陡峭的社区规模谱的小生物，主要是在浮游植物组合的流行，它也减少了浮游植物的平均值和最大尺寸约一个数量级。所观察到的浮游植物大小结构的变化反映在浮游植物群落组成的变化，虽然浮游动物的分类组成是不受变暖。此外，变暖减少了群落生物量和浮游植物总生物量，但浮游动物生物量不受影响。这导致了浮游动物浮游植物生物量的比例在温暖的围隔生态系统，这可以解释为浮游植物组合内的周转速度加快。总体而言，变暖使浮游植物的大小分布向更小的个体转移，周转迅速，生物量低，导致食物网生物量结构的重组。这些结果表明，未来的环境变暖可能会对水生群落和生态系统的结构和功能产生深远的影响。
Organism size is one of the key determinants of community structure, and its relationship with abundance can describe how biomass is partitioned among the biota within an ecosystem. An outdoor freshwater mesocosm experiment was used to determine how warming of similar to 4 degrees C would affect the size, biomass and taxonomic structure of planktonic communities. Warming increased the steepness of the community size spectrum by increasing the prevalence of small organisms, primarily within the phytoplankton assemblage and it also reduced the mean and maximum size of phytoplankton by approximately one order of magnitude. The observed shifts in phytoplankton size structure were reflected in changes in phytoplankton community composition, though zooplankton taxonomic composition was unaffected by warming. Furthermore, warming reduced community biomass and total phytoplankton biomass, although zooplankton biomass was unaffected. This resulted in an increase in the zooplankton to phytoplankton biomass ratio in the warmed mesocosms, which could be explained by faster turnover within the phytoplankton assemblages. Overall, warming shifted the distribution of phytoplankton size towards smaller individuals with rapid turnover and low standing biomass, resulting in a reorganization of the biomass structure of the food webs. These results indicate future environmental warming may have profound effects on the structure and functioning of aquatic communities and ecosystems.