The sculpturing role of fibroblast-like cells in morphogenesis
The sculpturing role of fibroblast-like cells in morphogenesis
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DOI：
10.1353/pbm.2004.0048
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Doljanski, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doljanski, F
多细胞生物的细胞是半流体生物。即使它们形成特定的细胞间粘附，它们也无法创建明确的形状或组织特异性结构。软骨器官，例如耳朵和鼻子，证明了形状被印在细胞外基质（ECM）中，这导致了这样的结论：细胞必须具有塑造它们所在的 ECM 的能力。对于大多数组织来说似乎都是如此。 ECM 作为将细胞整合到具有明确结构的功能组件中的角色，对于多细胞生物体来说是独一无二的。由于细胞获得了两种新特性，多细胞生物的进化成为可能：首先，在细胞与细胞结合中发挥作用的细胞表面大分子复合物；其次，将细胞整合成三维结构的 ECM。这两种新特性使得两种基本类型的细胞——上皮细胞和间质细胞——得以进化。后者是一种具有丰富丝状伪足的成纤维细胞样细胞，它的出现使得 ECM 的雕刻和复杂的组织特异性结构的形成成为可能。
Cells of multicellular organisms are semi-fluid creatures. Even when they form specific cell-cell adhesions, they cannot create a defined shape or a tissue-specific architecture. Cartilaginous organs, such as ears and noses, exemplify the fact that form is imprinted in the extracellular matrix (ECM), which leads to the conclusion that cells must have the ability to shape the ECM in which they reside. This seems to be true for most tissues. The role of the ECM as an integrator of cells into functional assemblies with defined architecture is unique to multicellular organisms. The evolution of multicellularity became possible as a consequence of cells acquiring two new properties: first, cell surface macromolecular complexes that function in cell-cell binding; and, second, an ECM that integrates cells into three-dimensional structures. These two new properties allowed the evolution of the two basic types of cells-epithelial and mesenchymal. The appearance of the latter, a fibroblast-like cell with abundant filopodia, enabled the sculpturing of the ECM and the formation of complex tissue-specific architectures.