A 20-YEAR PERSPECTIVE ON THE MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES OF TRABECULAR BONE
A 20-YEAR PERSPECTIVE ON THE MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES OF TRABECULAR BONE
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DOI：
10.1115/1.2895536
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发表时间：
1993-11-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
HAYES, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KEAVENY, TM;HAYES, WC
我们回顾了过去20年来在松质骨生物力学方面的研究进展。大量研究的结果表明，松质骨是一种非常不均匀的材料--即使在相同的干骺端，弹性系数也可以变化100倍--具有不同程度的各向异性。因此，严格地说，描述松质骨的力学性能应该伴随着诸如解剖位置、加载方向和年龄等因素的规范。研究工作还集中在测量单个骨小梁的力学性质，改进连续水平的力学测试方法，量化骨小梁的三维结构，以及建立将微观结构和连续水平的力学性质联系起来的方程。随着分析技术的日益成熟，现在有证据表明，单个骨小梁的各向异性和非均质性等因素也可能对连续谱水平的性质产生显著影响，这为未来的研究提供了新的方向。其他需要进一步研究的领域是连续体水平上的时间相关和多轴破坏特性，以及层板水平上的刚度和破坏特性。这些领域的持续研究应该会增进我们对年龄相关性骨折、假体松动和骨重建等问题的理解。
We have reviewed highlights of the research in trabecular bone biomechanics performed over the past 20 years. Results from numerous studies have shown that trabecular bone is an extremely heterogeneous material-modulus can vary 100-fold even within the same metaphysis-with varying degrees of anisotropy. Strictly speaking, descriptions of the mechanical properties of trabecular bone should therefore be accompanied by specification of factors such as anatomic site, loading direction, and age. Research efforts have also been focused on the measurement of mechanical properties for individual trabeculae, improvement of methods for mechanical testing at the continuum level, quantification of the three-dimensional architecture of trabecular bone, and formulation of equations to relate the microstructural and continuum-level mechanical properties. As analysis techniques become more sophisticated, there is now evidence that factors such as anisotropy and heterogeneity of individual trabeculae might also have a significant effect on the continuum-level properties, suggesting new directions for future research. Other areas requiring further research are the time-dependent and multiaxial failure properties at the continuum level, and the stiffness and failure properties at the lamellar level. Continued research in these areas should enhance our understanding of issues such as age-related bone fracture, prosthesis loosening, and bone remodeling.