Men and loneliness in the Covid-19 pandemic: Insights from an interview study with UK-based men.
Men and loneliness in the Covid-19 pandemic: Insights from an interview study with UK-based men.
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Covid-19 大流行中的男性与孤独感：来自英国男性访谈研究的见解。
DOI：
10.1111/hsc.13746
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Ratcliffe J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ratcliffe J
自 Covid-19 大流行爆发以来，英国与许多国家一样，限制了社交接触，并颁布了“社交距离”禁令。这项研究旨在对大流行期间男性的孤独经历产生新的见解，并考虑这些对持续/未来的限制、放松限制以及大流行之后的未来的影响。 2021 年 1 月至 3 月期间，对男性进行了 20 次定性访谈。最大变异目的样本框架要求至少三名非白人男性、三名 LGBTQ+ 男性、三名受过大学教育的男性、三名未受过大学教育的男性、三名 18-30 岁的男性和三名 60 岁以上的男性。主题分析侧重于语义主题，被用作“扎根”认识论的一部分，受访者陈述的观点推动了研究的内容。构建了七个主题：（i）失去的和新的活动和惯例； (ii) 远程社交互动； (iii) 社交范围缩小； (iv) 重新思考并重新认识什么是重要的； (v) 有目的的孤独； (vi) 社交接触焦虑； (vii) 对自己来说比对别人来说更容易。失去常规、减少有意义的活动以及减少面对面的互动，都被认为是防止孤独的挑战。独居男同性恋似乎受到的负面影响尤其严重。然而，许多男性表现出了新的、更安全的日常习惯和活动。人们经常使用远程交互形式，尽管它们并不完美，但被认为值得参与，并且具有改进的能力。减少 SARS-COV-2 传播的道德需要以及对感染病毒的恐惧成为参与者生活的重要特征，这也影响了孤独感。因 Covid-19 出现健康并发症风险较高的男性尤其可能表现出社交焦虑。仅减少限制可能无法让每个人恢复到大流行前的孤独水平，特别是如果大流行仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题的话。
Since the onset of the Covid‐19 pandemic, the UK, like many countries, has had restrictions on social contact, and injunctions of ‘social distancing’. This study aimed to generate new insights into men's experiences of loneliness during the pandemic, and consider the ramifications of these for continued/future restrictions, the easing of restrictions, and the future beyond the pandemic. Twenty qualitative interviews were conducted with men between January and March 2021. A maximum variation purpose sample frame required at least three non‐white men, three LGBTQ+men, three men with a university education, three without a university education, three 18–30 years old, and three aged 60+. Thematic analysis, focused on semantic themes, was employed as part of a ‘grounded’ epistemology whereby the stated perspectives of the interviewees drove the content of the study. Seven themes were constructed: (i) lost and new activities and routines; (ii) remote social interaction; (iii) narrowed social spheres; (iv) rethought and renewed recognition of what is important; (v) loneliness with a purpose; (vi) anxiety of social contact; and (vii) easier for themselves than others. Lost routines, fewer meaningful activities, and a reduction in face‐to‐face interaction, were framed as challenges to preventing loneliness. Solo‐living gay men seemed particularly negatively affected. However, many men displayed new, more covid‐safe routines and activities. Remote forms of interaction were often utilised, and though they were imperfect, were constructed as worth engaging with, and held capacity for improvement. A moral need to reduce transmission of SARS‐COV‐2, and a fear of catching it, became important features of participants lives that also affected loneliness. Men at higher risk of health complications from Covid‐19 were particularly likely to highlight anxiety of social contact. Reducing restrictions alone may not return everyone to pre‐pandemic levels of loneliness, particularly if the pandemic remains a significant public health issue.