Photocatalytic Water Splitting Under Visible Light with Particulate Semiconductor Catalysts
Photocatalytic Water Splitting Under Visible Light with Particulate Semiconductor Catalysts
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DOI：
10.1007/s10563-005-9157-0
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发表时间：
2005-12
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
J. S. Lee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. S. Lee
光催化分解水（PWS）是利用可再生水和太阳光直接制氢的最有前途的技术。近几十年来，紫外光下的PWS已经取得了显著的进展，但在可见光下的PWS仍然存在许多技术挑战。在寻找可见光下有效用于PWS的光催化剂方面采取了几种方法：（i）寻找新的单相材料，（ii）用吸收可见光的光敏剂修饰UV活性光催化剂，（iii）通过用取代掺杂改性UV活性光催化剂的阳离子或阴离子来调节带隙能量，以及（iv）通过形成复合物或固溶体来制备多组分光催化剂。本文讨论了上述方法的基础上，我们的实验结果，以及在文献中的数据。目前，可见光PWS发展面临的最大挑战是光利用率低。寻找具有独特结构和物相的新型光催化材料仍然是成功的关键。此外，合成具有高结晶度和高比表面积的材料也很重要，因为这些性质对相同结构和相的材料的活性有很大影响。最后，对已知材料的巧妙组合和修改也可能是富有成效的。
Photocatalytic water splitting (PWS) is the most promising technology to produce H2energy directly from renewable water and solar light. PWS has made a remarkable progress last decades under ultra-violet (UV) light, but there are many technical challenges remaining for PWS under visible light. Several approaches are taken in search of photocatalysts efficient for PWS under visible light: (i) to find new single phase materials, (ii) to decorate UV-active photocatalysts with a photosensitizer absorbing visible light, (iii) to tune the band gap energy by modifying cations or anions of UV-active photocatalysts with substitutional doping, and (iv) to fabricate multi-component photocatalysts by forming composites or solid solutions. This article discusses the above approaches based on our experimental results as well as data available in the literature. At the moment, the greatest challenge to the progress of visible light PWS is the low efficiency of light utilization. Finding new photocatalytic materials with unique structure and phase is still the key to the success. In addition, the synthesis of these materials with high crystallinity and high surface area is also important, because these properties exert great impact on the activity of the material of the same structure and phase. Finally, smart combination and modification of known materials could also be fruitful.