Discourse in Cognitive Grammar
Discourse in Cognitive Grammar
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认知语法话语
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
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通讯作者：
R. Langacker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Langacker
摘要认知语法以语言结构和语篇之间存在着内在的、密切的联系为前提。语言单位是从使用事件中抽象出来的，作为其价值的一部分，保留了互动和话语语境中任何重复出现的方面。因此，语言结构包含话语期望，并可解释为修改当前话语状态的指令。概念化和发声有多种渠道，包括语调群对注意框架的符号化。一个表达是在预设的话语语境中产生和理解的，话语语境塑造并支持对表达的解释。语言单位的特定语境应用成为根深蒂固的和常规的新的，扩大的单位。随着语篇的发展，概念结构会根据所使用的表达方式的语义极性逐步建立和修改。虽然最初表现出这些表达所强加的特定概念结构，但组装的结构经过巩固，以反映所描述的情况的内在概念组织。这种概念组织必须与语法成分区分开来，语法成分是灵活的、可变的，在很大程度上取决于话语考虑。
Abstract Cognitive Grammar presupposes an inherent and intimate relation between linguistic structures and discourse. Linguistic units are abstracted from usage events, retaining as part of their value any recurring facet of the interactive and discourse context. Linguistic structures thus incorporate discourse expectations and are interpretable as instructions to modify the current discourse state. There are multiple channels of conceptualization and vocalization, including the symbolization of attentional framing by intonation groups. An expression is produced and understood with respect to a presupposed discourse context, which shapes and supports its interpretation. Particular contextual applications of linguistic units become entrenched and conventionalized as new, augmented units. As discourse proceeds, conceptual structures are progressively built and modified in accordance with the semantic poles of the expressions employed. While initially manifesting the specific conceptual structuring imposed by these expressions, the structures assembled undergo consolidation to reflect the intrinsic conceptual organization of the situations described. This conceptual organization has to be distinguished from grammatical constituency, which is flexible, variable, and in no small measure determined by discourse considerations.