A cautionary tale on ancient migration detection: Mitochondrial DNA variation in Santa Cruz Islands, Solomon Islands
A cautionary tale on ancient migration detection: Mitochondrial DNA variation in Santa Cruz Islands, Solomon Islands
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DOI：
10.1353/hub.2002.0029
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Merriwether, DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Friedlaender, JS;Gentz, F;Merriwether, DA
在过去的十年中，太平洋岛屿上第一批马来-波利尼西亚定居者的起源已成为分子人类学以及考古学和历史语言学中的一个有争议的问题。无论马来-波利尼西亚语祖先的后裔在几百年内迅速迁徙到印度尼西亚和美拉尼西亚岛，还是他们是在后一个地区更西部地区大量混杂的产物，人们普遍认为，他们是大约 3000 年前在所罗门群岛中部以外的遥远太平洋岛屿上殖民的第一批人类。所罗门群岛东部的圣克鲁斯群岛很可能是偏远大洋洲第一个被他们殖民的群岛。从考古学角度来看，该地区的第一个海洋南岛人定居点似乎受到了来自更西边群体的各种后来的影响，以复杂的方式覆盖。分子人类学家倾向于将各种南岛语群体的传播与特定的线粒体变体（带有特定 D 环变体的 9 碱基对 [bp] 缺失）等同起来。我们之前已经表明，这是一幅过于简单化的图景，并假设圣克鲁斯事件及其一系列入侵将为线粒体 DNA 单倍型解释的力量提供信息。在圣克鲁斯群岛，9 bp 缺失与少量非常密切相关的高变 D 环单倍型相关，导致星形 Bandelt 中值网络，表明最近的种群扩张。该网络类似于波利尼西亚中值网络。在成对错配比较中，圣克鲁斯单倍型具有双峰分布，第一个簇几乎完全由 9 bp 删除的单倍型组成，再次证明了它们的近期起源。相反，未删除的单倍群具有整个区域内更古老起源的特征。因此，虽然两组单倍型的概况表明不同种群的起源非常独特，具有不同的扩张历史，但它们引入圣克鲁斯群岛的顺序显然并不简单。
Over the past decade, the origin of the first Malayo-Polynesian settlers of the island Pacific has become a contentious issue in molecular anthropology as well as in archaeology and historical linguistics. Whether the descendants of the ancestral Malayo-Polynesian speakers moved rapidly through Indonesia and Island Melanesia in a few hundred years, or whether they were the product of considerable intermingling within the more westerly part of the latter region, it is widely accepted that they were the first humans to colonize the distant Pacific islands beyond the central Solomon Islands approximately 3000 years ago. The Santa Cruz Islands in the Eastern Solomons would have most likely been the first in Remote Oceania to be colonized by them. Archaeologically, the first Oceanic Austronesian settlement of this region appears to have been overlain by various later influences from groups farther west in a complex manner. Molecular anthropologists have tended to equate the spread of various Austronesian-speaking groups with a particular mitochondrial variant (a 9-base-pair [bp] deletion with specific D-loop variants). We have shown before that this is an oversimplified picture, and assumed that the Santa Cruz situation, with its series of intrusions, would be informative as to the power of mitochondrial DNA haplotype interpretations. In the Santa Cruz Islands, the 9-bp deletion is associated with a small number of very closely related hypervariable D-loop haplotypes resulting in a star-shaped Bandelt median network, suggesting a recent population expansion. This network is similar to Polynesian median networks. In a pairwise mismatch comparison, the Santa Cruz haplotypes have a bimodal distribution, with the first cluster being composed almost entirely of the 9-bp-deleted haplotypes-again attesting to their recent origins. Conversely, the nondeleted haplogroups bear signatures of more ancient origins within the general region. Therefore, while the profiles of the two sets of haplotypes indicate very distinctive origins in different populations with divergent expansion histories, the sequence of their introduction into the Santa Cruz Islands clearly does not follow simply.