Consequences of Alcohol and Marijuana Use Among College Students: Prevalence Rates and Attributions to Substance-Specific Versus Simultaneous Use
Consequences of Alcohol and Marijuana Use Among College Students: Prevalence Rates and Attributions to Substance-Specific Versus Simultaneous Use
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DOI：
10.1037/adb0000545
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
White, Helene R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jackson, Kristina M.;Sokolovsky, Alexander W.;White, Helene R.
同时使用酒精和大麻的大学生经常同时使用它们，所以它们的影响是重叠的。本研究调查了同时使用酒精和大麻（SAM）的人所经历的负面后果是否与同时使用酒精和大麻但不同时使用（CAM）或单一物质使用者所经历的负面后果不同。我们考虑了9种后果：认知、昏厥、呕吐、学业/职业、社交、自我照顾、身体依赖、危险行为和酒后驾驶。此外，我们研究了SAM使用者所经历的后果是否归因于同时使用酒精、大麻或两者。样本包括过去一年的酒精和大麻使用者，年龄在18-24岁之间（N = 1390，女性62%，白人69%，西班牙裔12%），招募自3所美国大学校园。即使控制了酒精和大麻使用的频率和强度，以及可能混淆的心理社会和社会人口因素，SAM使用者比CAM或纯酒精使用者经历了更多的总体后果。同时用户和并发用户所经历的具体后果是不同的，但在调整了消耗和其他协变量之后，只有停电是不同的。相比之下，SAM使用者比纯酒精使用者更有可能经历每一种后果，对酒后驾车、昏迷和认知后果的影响最大。在SAM使用者中，后果最有可能归因于酒精，很少归因于同时使用。同时使用酒精和大麻以及同时使用酒精和大麻以使它们的影响重叠会增加风险，这表明针对潜在的用户类型和潜在的使用类型的机制是有价值的。
College students who use alcohol and marijuana often use them simultaneously, so that their effects overlap. The present study examined whether negative consequences experienced by simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) users vary from those experienced by individuals who use alcohol and marijuana concurrently but not simultaneously (CAM) or single-substance users. We considered 9 types of consequences: cognitive, blackout, vomiting, academic/occupational, social, self-care, physical dependence, risky behaviors, and driving under the influence (DUI). Further, we examined whether consequences experienced by SAM users are attributed to using alcohol, marijuana, or both simultaneously. The sample included past-year alcohol and marijuana users age 18-24 (N = 1,390; 62% female; 69% White; 12% Hispanic) recruited from 3 U.S. college campuses. SAM users experienced a greater overall number of consequences than CAM or alcohol-only users, even controlling for frequency and intensity of alcohol and marijuana use and potentially confounding psychosocial and sociodemographic factors. Experiencing specific consequences differed between simultaneous and concurrent users, but after adjusting for consumption and other covariates, only blackouts differed. In contrast, SAM users were more likely to experience each consequence than alcohol-only users, with strongest effects for DUI, blackouts, and cognitive consequences. Among SAM users, consequences were most likely to be attributed to alcohol and were rarely attributed to simultaneous use. Being a user of both alcohol and marijuana and using alcohol and marijuana together so that their effects overlap each contribute to risk, suggesting there is value in targeting the mechanisms underlying type of user as well as those underlying type of use.