Detection of Infectious Tobamoviruses in Forest Soils
Detection of Infectious Tobamoviruses in Forest Soils
复制标题
森林土壤中传染性烟草病毒的检测
DOI：
10.1128/aem.64.4.1430-1435.1998
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
J. D. Castello
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Fillhart;G. Bachand;J. D. Castello
摘要我们的目的是评估洗脱和诱饵植物方法检测纽约州森林土壤中的传染性病毒。从两个森林站点收集土壤：白面山（WF）和海伯格森林（HF）。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测了4种缓冲液对施用番茄花叶病毒（ToMV）的WF土壤中有机组分和无机组分的抑制效果。藜（Chenopodium quinoa（Willd.）诱饵植物检测病毒也进行了测试。然后，这两种方法被用来检测11个WF和2 HF土壤样品中的病毒。磷酸盐缓冲液（100 mM，pH 7.0）洗脱更多的ToMV从土壤中比其他缓冲液测试。矿物质土壤比有机土壤结合更多的病毒。从病毒修正的有机和矿物土壤中的病毒回收率分别为3和10%，检测灵敏度为10至20纳克/克土壤。在所有病毒改良土壤中生长的诱饵植物的根通过ELISA检测为阳性，病毒浓度平均为10 ng/g。ToMV和烟草花叶病毒（tobacco mosaic aminovirus，TMV）均能传至C.藜通过洗脱从两个HF土壤样品之一，但不是从WF土壤样品。一个病毒检测到诱饵种植在12个73（16%）根提取物代表5个13个土壤样品（38%）。透射电子显微镜下观察到12个受感染的根提取物中有6个含有烟草花叶病毒样颗粒。烟草花叶病毒在纽约州的森林土壤中发生。非生物土壤传播到树木可能允许这些病毒在森林生态系统中局部传播和持久存在。
ABSTRACT Our objectives were to evaluate elution and bait plant methods to detect infectious tobamoviruses in forest soils in New York State. Soils were collected from two forest sites: Whiteface Mountain (WF) and Heiberg Forest (HF). The effectiveness of four buffers to elute tomato mosaic tobamovirus (ToMV) from organic and mineral fractions of WF soil amended with ToMV was tested, and virus content was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effectiveness ofChenopodium quinoa (Willd.) bait plants to detect the virus also was tested. Both methods then were utilized to detect tobamoviruses in 11 WF and 2 HF soil samples. A phosphate buffer (100 mM, pH 7.0) eluted more ToMV from soil than the other buffers tested. Mineral soil bound more virus than organic soil. Virus recoveries from virus-amended organic and mineral soils were 3 and 10%, respectively, and the detection sensitivity was 10 to 20 ng/g of soil. Roots of bait plants grown in all virus-amended soils tested positive by ELISA, and virus concentrations averaged 10 ng/g. Both ToMV and tobacco mosaic tobamovirus (TMV) were transmitted to C. quinoa by elution from one of two HF soil samples but not from the WF soil samples. A tobamovirus was detected by bait planting in 12 of 73 (16%) root extracts representing 5 of 13 soil samples (38%). Tobamovirus-like particles were seen by transmission electron microscopy in 6 of 12 infected root extracts. Tobamoviruses occur in forest soils in New York State. Abiotic soil transmission to trees may permit localized spread and persistence of these viruses in forest ecosystems.