Puberty Influences Medial Temporal Lobe and Cortical Gray Matter Maturation Differently in Boys Than Girls Matched for Sexual Maturity
Puberty Influences Medial Temporal Lobe and Cortical Gray Matter Maturation Differently in Boys Than Girls Matched for Sexual Maturity
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhq137
复制
发表时间：
2011-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sowell, Elizabeth R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bramen, Jennifer E.;Hranilovich, Jennifer A.;Sowell, Elizabeth R.
在年龄和青春期相关的人类大脑结构成熟的性别差异中，已经在典型发育年龄匹配的男孩和女孩中观察到。由于女孩比男孩早1-2年成熟，本研究旨在通过研究80名青春期男孩和女孩的性成熟，而不是年龄来评估大脑结构的性别差异。我们利用结构磁共振成像和青春期状态的两个指标：生理性成熟和循环睾酮，评估青春期对内侧颞叶（MTL）、丘脑、尾状核和皮质灰质体积的影响。正如预测的那样，在性类固醇激素受体密度高的区域观察到性别和青春期效应之间的显著相互作用;在性成熟的青少年中，右侧海马、双侧杏仁核和皮质灰质的性别差异更大。在性别方面，我们发现性成熟的男孩的MTL结构体积较大，而性成熟的女孩的MTL结构体积较小。我们的研究结果表明，青春期相关的成熟的海马体，杏仁核和皮质灰质，是不混淆的年龄，是不同的女孩和男孩，这可能有助于在青春期的社会和认知发展的差异，并在成人大脑持久的性二态性。
Sex differences in age- and puberty-related maturation of human brain structure have been observed in typically developing age-matched boys and girls. Because girls mature 1-2 years earlier than boys, the present study aimed at assessing sex differences in brain structure by studying 80 adolescent boys and girls matched on sexual maturity, rather than age. We evaluated pubertal influences on medial temporal lobe (MTL), thalamic, caudate, and cortical gray matter volumes utilizing structural magnetic resonance imaging and 2 measures of pubertal status: physical sexual maturity and circulating testosterone. As predicted, significant interactions between sex and the effect of puberty were observed in regions with high sex steroid hormone receptor densities; sex differences in the right hippocampus, bilateral amygdala, and cortical gray matter were greater in more sexually mature adolescents. Within sex, we found larger volumes in MTL structures in more sexually mature boys, whereas smaller volumes were observed in more sexually mature girls. Our results demonstrate puberty-related maturation of the hippocampus, amygdala, and cortical gray matter that is not confounded by age, and is different for girls and boys, which may contribute to differences in social and cognitive development during adolescence, and lasting sexual dimorphisms in the adult brain.