The role of forest maturation in causing the decline of Black Grouse Tetrao tetrix
The role of forest maturation in causing the decline of Black Grouse Tetrao tetrix
复制标题
森林成熟度对黑松鸡数量减少的影响
DOI：
10.1111/j.1474-919x.2006.00623.x
复制
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Susan L. Haysom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Pearce‐Higgins;M. Grant;M. Robinson;Susan L. Haysom
黑松鸡在英国的数量在整个20世纪都在下降，现在大多数鸟类都在苏格兰。造成这一下降的原因有很多，特别是农业集约化、放牧水平提高和荒地植树造林。我们研究了苏格兰山脉核心700平方公里范围内黑松鸡分布和种群变化的栖息地相关性，在那里，在1990年至2002年期间，爱开玩笑的雄性黑松鸡的数量估计减少了70%，降至270只。生境数据来自卫星图像，并结合地图和实地收集的数据。Lek的出现、Lek大小和Lek大小的变化均与森林结构呈正相关，与灌丛前森林盖度呈正相关，与郁闭度呈负相关。草沼泽和干燥石南的覆盖的额外影响表明，黑松鸡最可能出现在由石南花、卡卢纳、普通草本植物和草类马赛克组成的沼泽地。对离散林区1.5公里内黑松鸡数量变化的分析表明，在研究过程中，森林成熟一直是主要的栖息地变化，仅森林成熟度就占下降的58%-78%。考虑到黑松鸡的密切联系和林地(特别是针叶林)在其大部分英国范围内的出现，这些发现可以用来为黑松鸡恢复管理方案的设计提供参考。
Black Grouse Tetrao tetrix in Britain have declined through the 20th century, and most birds are now in Scotland. Many causes for this decline have been suggested, notably agricultural intensification, increased grazing levels and moorland afforestation. We examine habitat correlates of Black Grouse distribution and population change from a 700-km2 area in the core of the Scottish range, where the numbers of lekking male Black Grouse declined by an estimated 70% to 270 between 1990 and 2002. Habitat data were derived from satellite imagery, in combination with map and field-collected data. Lek occurrence, lek size and changes in lek size were all correlated with forest structure, either positively with the amount of pre-thicket forest cover, or negatively with closed canopy cover. Additional effects of the cover of grass moor and dry heath suggest that Black Grouse are most likely to occur where moorland comprises Heather Calluna vulgaris and grass mosaics. Analysis of the change in Black Grouse abundance within 1.5 km of discrete forest blocks suggests that forest maturation, which has been the dominant habitat change during the course of the study, alone accounts for 58–78% of the decline. Given the close association of Black Grouse and the occurrence of woodland (and particularly conifer plantation) throughout much of their British range, these findings can be used to inform the design of management schemes for the recovery of Black Grouse.