The Effect of General and Drug-Specific Family Environments on Comorbid and Drug-Specific Problem Behavior: A Longitudinal Examination
The Effect of General and Drug-Specific Family Environments on Comorbid and Drug-Specific Problem Behavior: A Longitudinal Examination
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DOI：
10.1037/a0029309
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Hawkins, J. David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Epstein, Marina;Hill, Karl G.;Hawkins, J. David
先前的研究表明，酒精和烟草依赖的发展是相关的，两者都受到环境和个人因素的影响，其中许多因素可能在生命过程中相互作用。本研究探讨了原籍家庭（10-18 岁）和同居家庭（27-30 岁）中一般和酒精和烟草特定环境影响对 33 岁时问题行为和酒精和烟草特定结果的影响。一般环境因素包括家庭管理、冲突、联系和参与。酒精环境包括父母的饮酒情况、父母对酒精的态度以及孩子参与家庭饮酒的情况。烟草特定环境的评估类似。此外，分析还包括儿童期行为抑制解除、初始行为问题和 18 岁药物使用的影响。分析基于从西雅图社会发展项目 (SSDP) 样本中抽取的 469 名参与者。结果表明，(a)原生家庭和同居家庭内的环境因素都是33岁时出现问题行为的重要预测因素； (b) 同居家庭的影响部分调节原生家庭环境的影响； (c) 青少年和成人的一般环境与烟草（但不是酒精）环境之间存在相当大的连续性； 18 岁饮酒和吸烟在一定程度上调节了这些关系； (d) 儿童期行为抑制解除对 33 岁结果的影响超出了同居家庭调解者的影响。讨论了预防性干预措施的影响。
Previous research has shown that the development of alcohol and tobacco dependence is linked and that both are influenced by environmental and intrapersonal factors, many of which likely interact over the life course. The present study examines the effects of general and alcohol- and tobacco-specific environmental influences in the family of origin (ages 10-18) and family of cohabitation (ages 27-30) on problem behavior and alcohol- and tobacco-specific outcomes at age 33. General environmental factors include family management, conflict, bonding, and involvement. Alcohol environment includes parental alcohol use, parents' attitudes toward alcohol, and children's involvement in family drinking. Tobacco-specific environment is assessed analogously. Additionally, analyses include the effects of childhood behavioral disinhibition, initial behavior problems, and age 18 substance use. Analyses were based on 469 participants drawn from the Seattle Social Development Project (SSDP) sample. Results indicated that (a) environmental factors within the family of origin and the family of cohabitation are both important predictors of problem behavior at age 33; (b) family of cohabitation influences partially mediate the effects of family of origin environments; (c) considerable continuity exists between adolescent and adult general and tobacco (but not alcohol) environments; age 18 alcohol and tobacco use partially mediates these relationships; and (d) childhood behavioral disinhibition contributed to age 33 outcomes, over and above the effects of family of cohabitation mediators. Implications for preventive interventions are discussed.