Developmental pathways from prenatal tobacco and stress exposure to behavioral disinhibition.
Developmental pathways from prenatal tobacco and stress exposure to behavioral disinhibition.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ntt.2015.11.009
复制
发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Wakschlag L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark CA;Espy KA;Wakschlag L
产前烟草暴露（PTE）和产前压力暴露（PSE）都与外化行为有关，尽管它们的影响通常被孤立地考虑。在这里，我们的目的是描述PTE和PSE在行为去抑制的早期发展途径中的联合或交互作用，这是一种认知和行为控制不足的情况，预示着严重的外化行为。作为前瞻性纵向研究的一部分，对296名平均年龄为5岁的儿童进行了评估。通过在产前期间的重复访谈评估暴露，并获得可替宁的生物测定。行为去抑制进行了评估，在婴儿期的气质措施，基于性能的执行控制任务和措施的破坏性和疏忽行为。PSE与婴儿期困难气质的可能性较高相关。每次暴露独立预测5岁时执行控制较差。困难的气质和执行控制的困难，反过来预测破坏性行为的水平升高，虽然从PTE和PSE父母报告的注意力问题的联系不太强大。经历过这些产前暴露和产后压力暴露的儿童表现出最低的执行控制和最高水平的破坏性行为。调查结果强调了PTE和PSE对儿童行为轨迹的复合不利影响。鉴于它们的高度一致性，产前健康运动应该同时针对这些暴露。
Prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) and prenatal stress exposure (PSE) each have been linked to externalizing behavior, although their effects generally have been considered in isolation. Here, we aimed to characterize the joint or interactive roles of PTE and PSE in early developmental pathways to behavioral disinhibition, a profile of cognitive and behavioral under-control that presages severe externalizing behavior. As part of a prospective, longitudinal study, 296 children were assessed at a mean age of 5 years. Exposures were assessed via repeated interviews across the prenatal period and bioassays of cotinine were obtained. Behavioral disinhibition was assessed using temperament measures in infancy, performance-based executive control tasks and measures of disruptive and inattentive behavior. PSE was associated with a higher probability of difficult temperament in infancy. Each exposure independently predicted poorer executive control at age 5 years. Difficult temperament and executive control difficulties in turn predicted elevated levels of disruptive behavior, although links from PTE and PSE to parent-reported attention problems were less robust. Children who experienced these prenatal exposures in conjunction with higher postnatal stress exposure showed the lowest executive control and highest levels of disruptive behavior. Findings highlight the compounding adverse impact of PTE and PSE on children’s behavioral trajectories. Given their high concordance, prenatal health campaigns should target these exposures in tandem.