Innate responses to male sexual harassment in female mosquitofish
Innate responses to male sexual harassment in female mosquitofish
复制标题
雌性蚊鱼对雄性性骚扰的本能反应
DOI：
10.1007/s00265-008-0635-z
复制
发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
A. Bisazza
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Dadda;A. Pilastro;A. Bisazza
雄蚊鱼的性行为非常顽固，会骚扰遇到的任何雌蚊鱼。怀孕的雌性对这种激烈的雄性性活动付出了很大的代价，因为它降低了觅食效率。先前的观察表明，怀孕的雌性在被雄性追逐时，会通过靠近其他雌性形成鱼群来减少雄性的骚扰。它们也会接近其他雄性来促进雄性竞争，当雄性体型不同时，它们会优先瞄准体型较大的雄性，因为它们的骚扰程度较低。在这项研究中，我们测试了女性对男性骚扰的社会偏好调节是先天的还是后天的。我们测试了三组女性的社会偏好，这些女性在性骚扰经历和影响因素方面有所不同。第一组雌性在没有任何性经验的情况下饲养，通过人工授精诱导怀孕。第二组由天真的雌性和一只雄性组成；这些雌性经历过性骚扰，但没有经历过雄性竞争和鱼群对雄性性骚扰数量的影响。在第三组（对照组）中，雌性在多雄性、多雌性的群体中长大，可以体验到社会互动对性骚扰的调节作用。当遇到骚扰的雄性时，三组的雌性会立即减少与另一只雌性的距离，接近一组雄性，或者向两只雄性中较大的那只靠近。此外，这三组雌性的结果与先前研究中对野生捕获的雌性进行相同三次测试的结果相似（Dadda et al.An）。Behav。， 70:463-471, 2005)。这表明女性应对男性性骚扰所采取的策略不需要通过特定的社会背景经验来学习。
Male mosquitofish are very persistent in their sexual activity and harass any female they encounter. Gravid females pay a large tribute to this intense male sexual activity in terms of reduced foraging efficiency. Previous observations have demonstrated that gravid females, when chased by a male, dilute male harassment by moving closer to other females to form shoals. They also approach other males to promote male competition, and when males differ in size, they preferentially target large males, whose harassment is less intense. In this study, we tested whether the modulation of females’ social preferences in response to male harassment is innate or learned. We tested social preference in three groups of females that differed in experience of sexual harassment and in the factors affecting it. Females of the first group were reared without any sexual experience, and pregnancy was induced through artificial insemination. The second group was composed of naive females kept singly with a male; these females experienced sexual harassment but were prevented from experiencing the effects of male–male competition and shoaling on the amount of male sexual harassment. In the third group (controls), females were reared in multi-male, multi-female groups and could experience the modulating effects of social interactions on sexual harassment. When exposed to a harassing male, females of the three groups immediately reduced their distance from another female, approached a group of males or moved toward the larger of two available males. Moreover, the results for these three groups of females were similar to those obtained in wild-caught females that were tested in the same three tests in a previous study (Dadda et al.An. Behav., 70:463–471, 2005). This suggests that the strategies adopted by females in response to male sexual harassment do not need to be learned through specific experience of the social contexts.