Behavioural responses of domestic pigs and cattle to humans and novel stimuli
Behavioural responses of domestic pigs and cattle to humans and novel stimuli
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DOI：
10.1016/0168-1591(96)01067-2
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发表时间：
1996-10-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Borgwardt, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hemsworth, PH;Price, EO;Borgwardt, R
在猪和肉牛身上进行了两项实验，以研究经常接触人类或新物体是否会导致特定刺激或普遍的行为反应。将猪和牛组分配到三种处理中的一种：定期短暂暴露于（1）实验者以积极的方式处理动物（人类处理）或（2）三个新物体（新物体处理）和（3）与人类和新物体的最小接触（最少处理）。治疗 4 周后，研究了动物对人类和新物体的行为反应。 在人类接近测试中，接受人类治疗的猪比其他两种治疗中的猪更快 (P < 0.01) 与实验者进行身体互动，接受人类治疗的猪也比新物体治疗中的猪更快 (P < 0.05) 接近实验者。在人类接近测试中，与其他两种处理中的牛相比，人类处理中的牛在接近实验者的时间上花费了更多的时间（P < 0.05）。此外，人类处理中的牛也比最小化处理中的牛更快地接近实验者（P < 0.01），新物体接近测试中的猪比最小化处理中的猪更快（P < 0.01）接近新刺激物0.5 m内，并且新物体处理中的猪比最小化处理中的猪更快地接近新刺激物（P < 0.07）。最少的治疗。在新物体接近测试中，牛对新物体的接近行为在三种处理中是相似的。这些实验的结果证明，接受人类定期积极处理的动物行为反应的变化是人类特有的刺激。此外，有一些证据表明，猪（而不是牛）对新刺激的行为反应受到之前接触该刺激和其他新刺激的影响。
Two experiments were conducted on pigs and beef cattle to study whether or not regular exposure to either humans or novel objects resulted in stimulus-specific or generalised behavioural responses. Groups of pigs and cattle were allocated to one of three treatments: regular brief exposure to either (1) an experimenter handling the animals in a positive manner (Human treatment) or (2) three novel objects (Novel Object treatment) and (3) minimal contact with humans and novel objects (Minimal treatment). After 4 weeks of treatment, the behavioural responses of the animals to humans and novel objects were studied.Pigs in the Human treatment were quicker (P < 0.01) to physically interact with the experimenter in the Human Approach Tests than pigs in the other two treatments, Pigs in the Human treatment were also quicker (P < 0.05) to closely approach the experimenter than pigs in the Novel Object treatment. Cattle in the Human treatment spent more time (P < 0.05) close to the experimenter in the Human Approach Tests than cattle in the other two treatments. Furthermore, cattle in the Human treatment were also quicker(P < 0.01) to closely approach the experimenter than cattle in the Minimal treatment, Pigs in the Human treatment were quicker (P < 0.01) to approach within 0.5 m of the novel stimulus in the Novel Object Approach Tests than pigs in the Minimal treatment and there was a tendency for pigs in the Novel Object treatment to approach the novel stimulus more rapidly (P < 0.07) than pigs in the Minimal treatment. The approach behaviour of cattle to the novel object in the Novel Object Approach Tests was similar for the three treatments. The results of these experiments provide evidence that changes in the behavioural response of animals undergoing regular positive handling by humans is stimulus specific to humans. Furthermore, there was some evidence that the behavioural response of pigs, but not cattle, to the novel stimulus was affected by previous exposure to that stimulus and other novel stimuli.