Field application of pure polyethylene microplastic has no significant short-term effect on soil biological quality and function
Field application of pure polyethylene microplastic has no significant short-term effect on soil biological quality and function
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108496
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发表时间：
2022-02-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Jones, Davey L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Robert W.;Chadwick, David R.;Jones, Davey L.
塑料现在在自然环境中很普遍。由于其大小，微塑料(MPS；定义为颗粒0.05)对土壤细菌群落多样性(通过细菌16S rRNA基因扩增测序测量)、PLFA衍生的土壤微生物群落的大小和结构，或蚯蚓的丰度和生物量具有重要影响。此外，代谢组学分析显示，MP负荷对土壤生物胺浓度没有剂量依赖性影响。小麦(Triticum aestivum L.，cv.)即使在极高的负荷水平(>；=1000 kg ha(-1))，也不受MP剂量的影响。在MP负荷试验区，施氮肥前后氮素循环基因丰度变化相对较小，但建议进行进一步的试验，土壤氧化亚氮(N2O)通量也有类似的趋势。总体而言，我们说明，由于议员的顽固性质，他们本身在短期内(几天到几个月)可能不会构成重大问题。我们还强调，环境中的大多数MPS不是纯的或未被污染的，含有添加剂(例如增塑剂、颜料和稳定剂)，这些添加剂通常不与塑料聚合物化学结合，可能容易渗入土壤基质。建议了解添加剂对土壤生物学的影响，以及在田间环境中多效唑对土壤生物和生态健康的长期(数年至数十年)影响。
Plastics are now widespread in the natural environment. Due to their size, microplastics (MPs; defined as particles 0.05) on the soil bacterial community diversity (as measured by amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene), the size and structure of the PLFA-derived soil microbial community, or the abundance and biomass of earthworms. In addition, metabolomic profiling revealed no dose-dependent effect of MP loading on soil biogenic amine concentrations. The growth and yield of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Mulika) were also unaffected by MP dose, even at extremely high (>= 1000 kg ha(-1)) loading levels. Nitrogen (N) cycling gene abundance before and after N fertiliser application on the MP loaded experimental plots showed relatively little change, although further experimentation is suggested, with similar trends evident for soil nitrous oxide (N2O) flux. Overall, we illustrate that MPs themselves may not pose a significant problem in the short term (days to months), due to their recalcitrant nature. We also emphasise that most MPs in the environment are not pure or uncontaminated, containing additives (e.g. plasticisers, pigments and stabilisers) that are generally not chemically bound to the plastic polymer and may be prone to leaching into the soil matrix. Understanding the effect of additives on soil biology as well as the longer-term (years to decades) impact of MPs on soil biological and ecological health in the field environment is recommended.