Briefing: the crisis in South Sudan
Briefing: the crisis in South Sudan
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简报：南苏丹危机
DOI：
10.1093/afraf/adu020
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Johnson
2013年12月16日，南苏丹共和国总统萨尔瓦·基尔·马亚尔迪特（Salva Kiir Mayardit）身着军装出现在国家电视台上，宣布他已成功镇压了首都朱巴的政变企图。据称，政变企图是由前副总统里克·马查尔和执政的苏丹人民解放运动（苏人解）的几名前内阁部长和官员领导的，其中包括苏人解第一任领导人约翰·加朗的遗孀丽贝卡·尼扬丁·德·马比奥夫人。11名被指控的政变策划者在家中被捕，但Riek Machar逃离了朱巴，而且，据报道，在今后几天里，忠于总统的穿制服的人在朱巴有针对性地杀害了努埃尔人，苏丹人民解放军第8师和第4师指挥官在琼莱州和联合州，2011年12月25日，一群武装分子宣布投奔里克·马查尔，并夺取了对州首府博尔和本提乌的控制权。在安全地点接受电话采访时，Riek Machar否认他参与了政变，但随后敦促军队推翻萨尔瓦基尔，并宣布他计划向朱巴进军。尽管被捕的部长们来自南苏丹各地的各个社区，但西方媒体的报道完全是从部落的角度来描述萨尔瓦·基尔的丁卡人对里克·马查尔的努埃尔人的政治斗争。朱巴的定点清除以及阿科博和琼莱州博尔的努埃尔人对丁卡人的报复性杀害似乎证明了这一点。据说，政变开始时，总统卫队中的努埃尔族士兵和丁卡族士兵在人运民族解放理事会会议后发生战斗，里克·马查尔和被指控的策划者抵制了这次会议，萨尔瓦·基尔在会议上严厉谴责了里克。然而，尽管南苏丹政府一直坚持这一说法，但他们几乎没有提出支持其说法的具体证据
ON 16 DECEMBER 2013 THE PRESIDENT of the Republic of South Sudan, Salva Kiir Mayardit, appeared on state television in military uniform to announce that he had successfully put down a coup attempt in the capital, Juba. The coup attempt was said to have been led by former Vice-President Riek Machar and several ex-cabinet ministers and officials of the ruling Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM), including Madame Rebecca Nyanding de Mabior, the widow of the SPLM’s first leader, John Garang. Eleven alleged coup plotters were arrested in their homes, but Riek Machar escaped from Juba, and, amid reports over the next few days of targeted killings of Nuer in Juba by men in uniform loyal to the President, the commanders of the 8th and 4th army divisions of the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) in Jonglei and Unity states announced their defection to Riek Machar and seized control of the state capitals of Bor and Bentiu. In telephone interviews from secure places Riek Machar denied that he had been involved in a coup but then urged the army to overthrow Salva Kiir and announced his plans to march on Juba. Despite the fact that the arrested ministers came from a variety of communities across South Sudan, Western media reports cast the political struggle exclusively in tribal terms, of Salva Kiir’s Dinka against Riek Machar’s Nuer. The targeted killings in Juba and revenge killings of Dinka by Nuer in Akobo and Bor in Jonglei state seemed to bear this out. The coup was said to have begun with a fight between Nuer and Dinka soldiers in the presidential guard following a meeting of the SPLM’s National Liberation Council (NLC), which Riek Machar and the alleged plotters had boycotted, and in which Salva Kiir had denounced Riek in strident terms. Yet while the government of South Sudan has kept to this version of events, they have presented little concrete evidence to support their claim