The movement of tobacco mosaic virus within the plant
The movement of tobacco mosaic virus within the plant
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-7348.1934.tb06891.x
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发表时间：
1934-02-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Samuel, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Samuel, G
如Holmes所述，在接种的前3或4天，没有证明病毒从接种的叶片中移动。根据植物生长活动的大小，这个时期稍短或相当长。当病毒从接种的叶片中传播出去时，它首先传播到根部，其速度之快，几乎不能在中间位置被拦截。通常大约一天后，它以同样的速度到达山顶。在进入茎的最初阶段，病毒颗粒可能相隔相当大的距离（至少几厘米），因为从茎上连续取样可以得到2 1/2厘米的长度。(the切割长度）没有感染，不规则地散布在含有感染的部分之间。在茎上发育的果串的存在可能导致部分病毒向上传播到这些果串，同时发生最初的向下运动。病毒在通过茎的同时进入发育中的果实，而相邻的叶子在几天或几周内保持不受感染。在盆栽植物中，在植物顶部的发育中的叶的初始快速感染之后，更成熟的叶从顶部向下和从底部向上连续侵入，直到植物完全被病毒侵入。完全侵入在生长旺盛的小型植物中发生得非常快;在中型植物中可能需要3周或更长时间;多达2个月。在大型果实植物中。当接种带有许多成熟叶子的大型烟草或番茄田间植物时，不会发生完全入侵。成熟叶保持无病毒，除了沿中脉沿着有限的运动，超过3个月。接种后。据认为，这些事实有利于一个缓慢的细胞到细胞的运动的病毒通过胞间连丝，结合通过韧皮部通过植物的快速分布的理论，烟草花叶病毒作为韧皮部运动的指标的价值被强调。
Confirming Holmes, no movement of virus was demonstrated from the inoculated leaf for the first 3 or 4 days. This period is slightly less or considerably more according to the greater or less activity of growth of the plant. When the virus passes out from the inoculated leaf it travels first to the roots with such speed that it can seldom be intercepted at intervening positions. Usually about a day later it travels with equal rapidity to the top. In the earliest stages of entering the stem, virus particles may be separated by considerable distances (at least several cm.), since successive samples taken from the stem may yield lengths of 2 1/2 cm. (the length of the cutting) free from infection, interspersed irregularly between portions containing the infection. The presence of developing fruit trusses on the stem may cause part of the virus to travel upward as far as these trusses at the same time that the initial downward movement is occurring. The virus enters developing fruits at the same time as it travels through the stem, whereas adjacent leaves remain uninfected for days or weeks. In pot plants, after the initial rapid infection of the developing leaves at the top of the plant, the more mature leaves become successively invaded from the top downwards and from the bottom upwards until the plant is completely invaded by the virus. Complete invasion occurs very quickly in small vigorously growing plants; it may take 3 wks. or more in medium sized plants; and as much as 2 mos. in large fruiting plants. Complete invasion never occurs when large field plants of tobacco or tomato bearing a number of mature leaves are inoculated. The mature leaves remain free from virus, apart from a limited movement along the mid-ribs, for periods of more than 3 mos. following inoculation. It is considered that these facts favor the theory of a slow cell to cell movement of the virus via the plasmodesmen, combined with a rapid distribution through the plant via the phloem; the value of tobacco mosaic virus as an indicator of phloem movements is emphasized.