LUMBAR SPINE MAXIMUM EFFORTS AND MUSCLE RECRUITMENT PATTERNS PREDICTED BY A MODEL WITH MULTIJOINT MUSCLES AND JOINTS WITH STIFFNESS
LUMBAR SPINE MAXIMUM EFFORTS AND MUSCLE RECRUITMENT PATTERNS PREDICTED BY A MODEL WITH MULTIJOINT MUSCLES AND JOINTS WITH STIFFNESS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/0021-9290(94)e0040-a
复制
发表时间：
1995-02-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
GARDNERMORSE, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
STOKES, IAF;GARDNERMORSE, M
通过腰椎的负载传输进行了分析，在一个模型的五个腰椎，骶骨/骨盆和胸部，和66对对称的多关节肌肉。该模型用于检验以下假设：（1）需要在所有椎体水平同时保持平衡，因此无法同时最大限度地激活协同肌肉;（2）脊柱可承受的最大载荷和肌肉激活程度随着运动节段刚度的增加而增加。应用于T12的最大力矩计算为三个主要方向的力矩，所有六个关节均保持平衡，并限制最大肌肉应力和椎间位移。具有真实运动节段刚度的模型预测的最大作用力比具有“球窝”关节的模型大1.4至3.3倍，并且与最大作用力实验的已发表结果更一致。最大努力的差异大于通过关节传递的力矩。虽然肌肉激活水平更高，但许多协同肌肉仍处于次最大激活状态。对抗性肌肉被招募来维持多关节平衡。我们的结论是：（1）在单个解剖水平分析中允许的肌肉激活通常与其他水平的平衡不兼容;（2）关节中力矩传递的影响更真实地反映了腰椎。
The transmission of load through the lumbar spine was analyzed in a model of the five lumbar vertebrae, the sacrum/pelvis and the thorax, and 66 symmetric pairs of multijoint muscles. The model was used to test the hypotheses that (1) the need to maintain equilibrium simultaneously at all vertebral levels precludes simultaneous maximum activation of synergistic muscles and (2) that the maximum loads which could be carried by the spine and the degree of muscle activation increases with increasing motion segment stiffness. Maximum moments applied to T12 were calculated for moments in three principal directions, subject to equilibrium at all six joints and to constraints on the maximum muscle stress and intervertebral displacements.A model with realistic motion segment stiffness predicted maximum efforts between 1.4 and 3.3 times greater than a model with 'ball-and-socket' joints, and in better agreement with published results from maximum effort experiments. The differences in maximal effort were greater than the moments transmitted through the joints. While muscle activation levels were greater, many synergistic muscles were still submaximally activated. Antagonistic muscles were recruited to maintain multijoint equilibrium. We concluded that (1) muscle activations permitted in single anatomic level analyses are generally not compatible with equilibrium at other levels; (2) the effect of moment transmission in the joints gives a more realistic representation of the lumbar spine.