Social Jetlag Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic as a Predictor of Insomnia - A Multi-National Survey Study.
Social Jetlag Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic as a Predictor of Insomnia - A Multi-National Survey Study.
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DOI：
10.2147/nss.s327365
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Cedernaes J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brandão LEM;Martikainen T;Merikanto I;Holzinger B;Morin CM;Espie CA;Bolstad CJ;Leger D;Chung F;Plazzi G;Dauvilliers Y;Matsui K;De Gennaro L;Sieminski M;Nadorff MR;Chan NY;Wing YK;Mota-Rolim SA;Inoue Y;Partinen M;Benedict C;Bjorvatn B;Cedernaes J
由于 COVID-19 大流行造成的限制，生活方式和工作习惯发生了巨大改变。然而，睡眠时间的相关变化是否会调节失眠症状（最常见的睡眠障碍）的风险，目前尚不完全清楚。在这里，我们评估了早期与大流行相关的变化之间的关联：1) 社交时差 (SJL) 的程度（即工作日与休息日的睡眠时间之间的差异）和 2) 失眠症状。共有 14,968 名匿名参与者（平均年龄：40 岁；64% 为女性）对分布在 14 个国家/地区的标准化互联网调查做出了回应。我们利用逻辑多元回归分析了社交时差程度与失眠症状之间的关联，并控制了重要的混杂因素，例如社交限制的延长、特定国家/地区的 COVID-19 严重程度和心理困扰。为了应对这一流行病，参与者报告了较晚的睡眠时间，尤其是在工作日。大多数参与者 (46%) 的 SJL 有所下降，而 20% 的参与者则有所增加； 34% 的人表示 SJL 没有变化。值得注意的是，我们发现，由于 COVID-19 大流行，SJL 的增加和减少都与较晚的睡眠中点（表明较晚的睡眠时间型）以及更频繁和中度至重度的失眠症状相关（比 SJL 不变的受试者高出约 23-54% 的比值比）。主要是，与 SJL 没有变化的人相比，SJL 减少的人将就寝时间推迟到了更晚的时间点。我们的研究结果提供了重要的见解，说明自我报告的睡眠/觉醒时间稳定性的变化（如 SJL 的变化所反映的那样）如何成为出现失眠相关症状风险的关键标志——即使个人设法减少社交时差。这些发现强调了分析睡眠-觉醒规律的临床重要性。
Lifestyle and work habits have been drastically altered by restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Whether the associated changes in sleep timing modulate the risk of suffering from symptoms of insomnia, the most prevalent sleep disorder, is however incompletely understood. Here, we evaluate the association between the early pandemic-associated change in 1) the magnitude of social jetlag (SJL) – ie, the difference between sleep timing on working vs free days – and 2) symptoms of insomnia. A total of 14,968 anonymous participants (mean age: 40 years; 64% females) responded to a standardized internet-based survey distributed across 14 countries. Using logistic multivariate regression, we examined the association between the degree of social jetlag and symptoms of insomnia, controlling for important confounders like social restriction extension, country specific COVID-19 severity and psychological distress, for example. In response to the pandemic, participants reported later sleep timing, especially during workdays. Most participants (46%) exhibited a reduction in their SJL, whereas 20% increased it; and 34% reported no change in SJL. Notably, we found that both increased and decreased SJL, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, were associated with later sleep midpoint (indicating a later chronotype) as well as more recurrent and moderate-to-severe symptoms of insomnia (about 23–54% higher odds ratio than subjects with unchanged SJL). Primarily those with reduced SJL shifted their bedtimes to a later timepoint, compared with those without changes in SJL. Our findings offer important insights into how self-reported changes to the stability of sleep/wake timing, as reflected by changes in SJL, can be a critical marker of the risk of experiencing insomnia-related symptoms – even when individuals manage to reduce their social jetlag. These findings emphasize the clinical importance of analyzing sleep-wake regularity.