Road transport impact on PM2.5 pollution over Delhi during the post-monsoon season
Road transport impact on PM2.5 pollution over Delhi during the post-monsoon season
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100200
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发表时间：
2022-12
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Caterina Mogno;P. Palmer;M. Marvin;Sumit Sharma;Ying Chen;O. Wild
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文献类型：
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作者：
Caterina Mogno;P. Palmer;M. Marvin;Sumit Sharma;Ying Chen;O. Wild
我们使用WRF-Chem大气化学运输模型，在当地排放清单的驱动下，量化了季风后季节德里地区道路运输排放对地面pm2.5的贡献。我们将这一贡献与其他地方（在德里）和区域（在更广泛的国家首都地区，NCR）的人为部门进行比较，在季风后时期，季节性燃烧和停滞的气象条件加剧了基线污染水平。我们发现，当地公路运输对德里日均pm2.5的贡献约为10%，如果包括NCR的区域公路运输来源，这一比例将上升至17%。对德里日均pm2.5最大的个人贡献来自地区电力和工业（14%）以及家庭（11%）部门，主要集中在夜间和几乎所有白天。发现NCR以外来源的长距离运输贡献约占40%。当地公路运输部门对日平均pm2.5的贡献在晚间交通高峰期间最大（18%）。其中，两轮车和三轮车占主导地位（50%），其次是重型车辆（30%），它们在一天中的任何时候也占公路运输总量的60-70%。乘用车和轻型车辆以及道路悬浮粉尘对日均pm2.5的贡献很小（20%）。我们的工作强调了在制定有效政策以满足德里季风后pm2.5空气质量标准时需要考虑的两个重要因素。首先，需要采取多部门、多规模的方法，优先减少德里市内的交通运输排放，依次是区域工业、家庭和交通运输的NCR排放。其次，两轮和三轮车以及重型车辆对PM2.5的影响主要来自公路交通，因此，无论是在德里还是在NCR，都应该优先考虑减少这些车辆的排放。
We use the WRF-Chem atmospheric chemical transport model, driven by local emission inventories, to quantify the contribution of on-road transport emissions to surface PM2.5over Delhi during the post-monsoon season. We compare this contribution to other local (within Delhi) and regional (within the broader National Capital Region, NCR) anthropogenic sectors during the post-monsoon period when seasonal burning and stagnating meteorological conditions exacerbate baseline pollution levels. We find that local on-road transport contributes approximately 10% to daily mean PM2.5over Delhi, rising to 17% if regional on-road transport sources in the NCR are included. The largest individual contributions to Delhi daily mean PM2.5are from regional power and industry (14%) and domestic (11%) sectors, dominating nighttime and almost all daytime concentrations. Long range transport contribution from sources beyond the NCR is found to account for approximately 40%. The contribution from the local on-road transport sector to diurnal mean PM2.5is largest (18%) during the evening traffic peak. It is dominated by contributions from two- and three-wheelers (50%) followed by heavy-duty vehicles (30%), which also collectively represent 60–70% of the total on-road transport sector at any hour of the day. The combined contribution from passenger cars and light duty vehicles and from resuspended road dust to daily mean PM2.5is small (20%). Our work highlights two important factors which need to be considered in developing effective policies to meet PM2.5air quality standards in Delhi during post-monsoon. First, a multi-sector and multi-scale approach is needed, which prioritise the reduction in local transport emissions within Delhi, and, in the order, regional industries, domestic and transport emissions from NCR. Second, two-and three-wheelers and heavy-duty vehicles dominate on-road transport impact to PM2.5, thus reductions from these vehicles should be given priority, both within Delhi and in the NCR.