Geyser periodicity and the response of geysers to deformation
Geyser periodicity and the response of geysers to deformation
复制标题
间歇泉周期性和间歇泉对形变的响应
DOI：
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Rojstaczer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Ingebritsen;S. Rojstaczer
通过多孔介质的多相流体和热输运的数值模拟定义了导致间歇泉状周期性放电的岩石性质和边界条件的组合。在相当狭窄的范围内的条件，允许间歇泉样的行为，喷发频率和放电是非常敏感的间歇泉管道和周围的岩石基质的固有渗透率，假设的相对渗透率函数，并在矩阵中的压力梯度。理论上，热管（伴随蒸汽向上流动和液体向下流动）可以在类似的条件下存在，但我们的模拟表明，周期解更稳定。间歇泉流量的模拟时间序列是混沌的，但综合量，如喷发频率和质量流量每次喷发是免费的混沌。这些结果可以解释所观察到的天然间歇泉的敏感性，小应变，如由远程地震引起的，如果地面运动是足以引起渗透率的变化。在我们目前的模型中，由微小的地震前变形、周期性的表面负荷和地球潮汐引起的间歇泉行为的变化更难以解释。
Numerical simulations of multiphase fluid and heat transport through a porous medium define combinations of rock properties and boundary conditions which lead to geyser-like periodic discharge. Within the rather narrow range of conditions that allow geyser-like behavior, eruption frequency and discharge are highly sensitive to the intrinsic permeabilities of the geyser conduit and the surrounding rock matrix, to the relative permeability functions assumed, and to pressure gradients in the matrix. In theory, heat pipes (concomitant upward flow of steam and downward flow of liquid) can exist under similar conditions, but our simulations suggest that the periodic solution is more stable. Simulated time series of geyser discharge are chaotic, but integrated quantities such as eruption frequency and mass discharge per eruption are free of chaos. These results may explain the observed sensitivity of natural geysers to small strains such as those caused by remote earthquakes, if ground motion is sufficient to induce permeability changes. Changes in geyser behavior caused by minor preseismic deformation, periodic surface loading, and Earth tides are more difficult to explain in the context of our current model.