Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among slumdwellers in Nairobi, Kenya
Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among slumdwellers in Nairobi, Kenya
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/hjh.0b013e32835e3a56
复制
发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Kyobutungi, Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
van de Vijver, Steven J. M.;Oti, Samuel O.;Kyobutungi, Catherine
目的：本研究旨在评估肯尼亚内罗毕两个主要贫民窟的高血压患病率、意识、治疗和控制。方法：我们使用的数据来自2008-2009年进行的一项基于人口的横断面调查，随机抽样了5190名（2794名男性和2396名女性）18岁及以上的成年人，居住在两个贫民窟。结果：总体而言，高血压（收缩压>= 140 mmHg和/或舒张压>= 90 mmHg和/或抗高血压药物）的患病率（按抽样和缓解率加权）为12.3%（女性12.7%，男性12.0%）。高血压患者的总体意识水平（以前由卫生专业人员告知高血压状况）为19.5%（女性30.7%，男性10.8%）。大约47%（女性44.9%，男性50.9%）的高血压患者在调查前1年接受过降压治疗。在接受治疗的患者中，只有21.5%（女性14.4%，男性35.7%）的高血压控制在140/90 mmHg以下。所有高血压患者的高血压控制率低于3%。结论：我们的研究结果表明，高血压在贫民窟很常见，但知晓率、治疗率和控制率都很低。然而，一旦人们意识到自己的高血压，大多数人都会寻求治疗。这表明，只有提高认识，才能取得最佳治疗效果。总的来说，迫切需要实施战略，改善这些被忽视人群的预防、发现和获得有效治疗的机会。
Aims: This study aims to assess the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in two major slums in Nairobi, Kenya.Methods: We use data from a cross-sectional population-based survey, conducted in 2008-2009, involving a random sample of 5190 (2794 men and 2396 women) adults aged 18 years and older resident in both slums.Results: Overall, the prevalence (weighted by sampling and response rates) of hypertension (SBP >= 140 mmHg and/or DBP >= 90 mmHg and/or antihypertensive medication) was 12.3% (12.7% in women and 12.0% in men). The overall level of awareness (having been previously informed of hypertensive status by a health professional) among hypertensives was 19.5% (30.7% in women and 10.8% in men). About 47% (44.9% in women and 50.9% in men) of those who were aware of being hypertensive reported being on antihypertensive treatment in the 1 year preceding the survey. Among those who reported being on treatment, only 21.5% (14.4% in women and 35.7% in men) had their hypertension controlled to levels below 140/90 mmHg. Hypertension control among all hypertensives was below 3%.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that hypertension is common in the slums, but the rates of awareness, treatment, and control are low. However, once people are aware of their hypertension, most seek treatment. This indicates that the best gains in treatment can be made when awareness is raised. Overall, there is urgent need to implement strategies that improve prevention, detection, and access to effective treatment in these neglected populations.