Isoflavones and their metabolites influence the milk production ability of bovine mammary epithelial cells in a type-specific manner
Isoflavones and their metabolites influence the milk production ability of bovine mammary epithelial cells in a type-specific manner
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DOI：
10.1111/asj.13720
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发表时间：
2022-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kobayashi, Ken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsugami, Yusaku;Wakasa, Haruka;Kobayashi, Ken
奶牛以豆科植物中存在的生理活性物质--异黄酮为食。然而，在牛乳腺上皮细胞（BMEC）中，黄酮类化合物（鹰嘴豆芽素A，染料木素，芒柄花素，大豆苷元）及其代谢产物（对乙基苯酚和雌马酚）对牛奶成分的生产，紧密连接（TJ），及其调控途径的影响尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们研究了在BMEC使用体外培养模型中的干扰素及其代谢产物的影响。不同类型的奶牛在不同的泌乳素水平下，其泌乳素、TJ蛋白和STAT 5/STAT 3信号通路的影响程度不同。鹰嘴豆芽素A降低β-酪蛋白和乳铁蛋白的mRNA表达和分泌，同时降低活化的STAT 5和增加活化的STAT 3。相比之下，牛尿酚增加了密蛋白-3，这是哺乳期渗透性较低的TJ的主要成分，同时增加了活化的STAT 5。此外，基于红三叶草摄入的多种异黄酮的混合物增加了乳铁蛋白的分泌、β-酪蛋白的mRNA表达和密蛋白-3的量，但基于大豆的混合物不影响BMEC。因此，这些结果表明，豆类中的异黄酮和奶牛饲喂豆类时异黄酮的代谢活性可能会影响BMEC的产奶能力。
Dairy cows feed on isoflavones as physiologically active substances present in legumes. However, the influences of isoflavones (biochanin A, genistein, formononetin, and daidzein) and their metabolites (p-ethylphenol and equol) on milk components production, tight junctions (TJs), and their regulatory pathways are unclear in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). In this study, we investigated the influences of isoflavones and their metabolites in BMECs using an in vitro culture model. The influences of isoflavones on milk components production, TJ proteins, and STAT5/STAT3 signaling pathways were different in a type-specific manner. Biochanin A decreased the mRNA expression and secretion of both beta-casein and lactoferrin while a decrease in activated STAT5 and an increase in activated STAT3. In contrast, equol increased claudin-3, which is the main components for less-permeable TJs in lactation, while an increase in activated STAT5. In addition, a mixture of multiple isoflavones based on the intake of red clover increased secretion of lactoferrin, mRNA expression of beta-casein, and amount of claudin-3, but a mixture based on soy did not affect the BMECs. Thus, these results indicate that isoflavones in legumes and the metabolic activity of isoflavones in dairy cows when feeding legumes may affect the milk production ability in BMECs.