The presence of peat and variation in tree species composition are under different hydrological controls in Amazonian wetland forests
The presence of peat and variation in tree species composition are under different hydrological controls in Amazonian wetland forests
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亚马逊湿地森林中泥炭的存在和树种组成的变化受到不同的水文控制
DOI：
10.1002/hyp.14690
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Flores Llampazo G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flores Llampazo G
亚马逊地区形成泥炭的湿地森林具有丰富的低碳储量，并为当地社区提供水果、纤维和木材。预测这些生态系统服务的未来需要了解水文条件如何与树种组成和泥炭的存在或不存在相关。在这里，我们使用超过2.5年的地下水位深度连续测量和人工孔隙水pH值和电导率测量来了解秘鲁亚马逊北部大型泥炭地复杂地区这些变量的生态水文控制。在四个棕榈沼泽、四个季节性淹水森林和四个泥炭地极地森林的永久森林样地进行了测量。在样地内对直径≥10 cm的所有乔木进行了测量和鉴定，以评估区系组成。在这12个地点中，泥炭有8个；三个季节性淹水森林和一个棕榈沼泽与泥炭没有关联。森林类型之间树种组成的变化与高洪水水位（最大洪水高度）和pH值有关：季节性洪水淹没森林经历高洪水水位（距地面3.66 m）并具有高pH值（6-7），棕榈沼泽具有中等洪水水位（高达1.34 m），泥炭地极森林经历浅洪水（高达0.28 m）并具有低pH值(4)。相比之下，泥炭的存在与最大地下水位深度（即地下水位下降到地表以下的深度）的变化有关。地表泥炭存在于任何时候最大地下水位不低于地面0.55 m的所有森林类型中。因此，泥炭的形成和树种组成的变化具有不同的生态水文控制。预计洪水事件的频率和强度的增加可能会改变树种组成的模式，而干旱严重程度的增加和河流最低水位的下降可能会对这些泥炭地生态系统的地下碳储量构成更大的风险。
The peat‐forming wetland forests of Amazonia are characterized by high below‐carbon stocks and supply fruit, fibres and timber to local communities. Predicting the future of these ecosystem services requires understanding how hydrological conditions are related to tree species composition and the presence, or absence, of peat. Here, we use continuous measurements of water table depth over 2.5 years and manual measurements of pore‐water pH and electrical conductivity to understand the ecohydrological controls of these variables across the large peatland complex in northern Peruvian Amazonia. Measurements were taken in permanent forest plots in four palm swamps, four seasonally flooded forests and four peatland pole forests. All trees ≥10 cm diameter were also measured and identified in the plots to assess floristic composition. Peat occurs in eight of these twelve sites; three seasonally flooded forests and one palm swamp are not associated with peat. Variation in tree species composition among forest types was linked to high flood levels (maximum flooding height) and pH: seasonally flooded forests experience high flood levels (up to 3.66 m from the ground surface) and have high pH values (6–7), palm swamps have intermediate flood levels (up to 1.34 m) and peatland pole forests experience shallow flooding (up to 0.28 m) and have low pH (4). In contrast, the presence of peat was linked to variation in maximum water table depth (i.e. the depth to which the water table drops below the ground surface). Surface peat is found in all forest types where maximum water table depth does not fall >0.55 m below the ground surface at any time. Peat formation and variation in tree species composition therefore have different ecohydrological controls. Predicted increases in the frequency and strength of flooding events may alter patterns of tree species composition, whereas increases in drought severity and declines in minimum river levels may pose a greater risk to the belowground carbon stores of these peatland ecosystems.
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预计西亚马逊地区年度洪水脉冲将增加
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Zulkafli Z
通讯作者：
Zulkafli Z
亚马逊中部洪泛区森林的植物地理学、物种多样性、群落结构和动态
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
F. Wittmann;J. Schöngart;W. Junk
通讯作者：
W. Junk
秘鲁亚马逊 PASTAZA-MARAÑON 盆地不同类型泥炭地的甲烷通量和孔隙水溶解的有机碳动力学。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Aguila‐Pasquel
通讯作者：
J. Aguila‐Pasquel
亚马逊流域中部的热带泥炭堆积
影响因子：
2
作者：
O. Lähteenoja;B. Flores;B. Nelson
通讯作者：
B. Nelson
密集的实地采样增加了亚马逊泥炭地极地森林富含碳的已知范围
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Honorio Coronado E
通讯作者：
Honorio Coronado E