Biological diversity of the Minnesota caddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera).

Biological diversity of the Minnesota caddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera).
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DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.189.2043
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
1.3
通讯作者:
Houghton DC
Houghton DC
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Houghton DC

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明尼苏达州的石蛾区系至少包含21科75属277种。这些物种是基于对1890年至2007年明尼苏达州937个水生栖息地的2,166个标本的312,884个标本的检查。这些总数中包括我自己的4个代表性的栖息地类型的定量抽样:小溪,中型河流,大河,湖泊,从1999年至2001年6月至9月期间,从明尼苏达州的58个主要流域。所有物种在此说明,其已知的明尼苏达州的丰度,分布,成年飞行周期,和栖息地的亲和力。四个物种:已知的动物群中增加了灰鳞口虫(鳞口虫科)、印度裸跳甲(齿角虫科)、沙氏隐翅虫和狭翅隐翅虫(隐翅虫科)。另有31个可疑物种记录因各种原因被删除。5个确定的石蛾地区的国家,每个流域的物种丰富度最高的上级湖和北方地区,中间在东南部,最低的西北部和南部。在48个个体收集产生>40个种,除了1个之外,其他都来自北方地区。许多物种,特别是在家庭Limnephilidae和Phryganeidae,似乎减少了分布和丰富度在过去的75年,特别是那些曾经常见的西北和南部地区。许多物种现在似乎已在区域范围内灭绝,少数物种已从整个州消失。西北部和南部地区的物种损失,可能还有其他地方,几乎可以肯定与世纪中期许多栖息地向大规模农业的转变有关。
The caddisfly fauna of Minnesota contains at least 277 species within 21 families and 75 genera. These species are based on examination of 312,884 specimens from 2,166 collections of 937 Minnesota aquatic habitats from 1890 to 2007. Included in these totals is my own quantitative sampling of 4 representative habitat types: small streams, medium rivers, large rivers, and lakes, from each of the 58 major Minnesota watersheds from June through September during 1999–2001. All species are illustrated herein, and their known Minnesota abundances, distributions, adult flight periodicities, and habitat affinities presented. Four species: Lepidostoma griseum (Lepidostomatidae), Psilotreta indecisa (Odontoceridae), and Phryganea sayi and Ptilostomis angustipennis (Phryganeidae) are added to the known fauna. An additional 31 dubious species records are removed for various reasons. Of the 5 determined caddisfly regions of the state, species richness per watershed was highest in the Lake Superior and Northern Regions, intermediate in the Southeastern, and lowest in the Northwestern and Southern. Of the 48 individual collections that yielded >40 species, all but 1 were from the Northern Region. Many species, especially within the families Limnephilidae and Phryganeidae, have appeared to decrease in distribution and abundance during the past 75 years, particularly those once common within the Northwestern and Southern Regions. Many species now appear regionally extirpated, and a few have disappeared from the entire state. The loss of species in the Northwestern and Southern Regions, and probably elsewhere, is almost certainly related to the conversion of many habitats to large-scale agriculture during the mid-20th century.
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