Birds of Sarcpa Lake, Melville Peninsula, Northwest Territories: Breeding Phenologies, Densities and Biogeography
Birds of Sarcpa Lake, Melville Peninsula, Northwest Territories: Breeding Phenologies, Densities and Biogeography
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西北地区梅尔维尔半岛萨尔克帕湖的鸟类：繁殖物候、密度和生物地理学
DOI：
10.14430/arctic2244
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Lyon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Montgomerie;R. Cartar;R. McLaughlin;B. Lyon
在美国西北部半岛梅尔维尔的Sarcpa湖进行实地研究期间，观察到40种鸟类。在1981年和1982年的夏天。繁殖的证据被发现的22个物种和第一个明确的繁殖记录，梅尔维尔半岛获得了银鸥，胸鹬和半掌状鹬和半掌状鹬。一对杂交海鸥（灰鸥x银鸥）也筑巢，这似乎是第一个明确的北美记录，这样的混合筑巢。根据戈弗雷（1966）的地图，预计还有14种繁殖鸟类存在，但没有发现。繁殖鸟类的平均密度（35只/平方公里）与拜洛特岛相当，但大大高于其他高北极地区的测量值。无论是平均繁殖鸟类密度，也没有明显的物候变化，从一年到一年，尽管在1982年春季融化。在这两年中，一旦有合适的筑巢和觅食栖息地，鸟类就开始了繁殖活动。在加拿大北极地区的其他25个地点的繁殖鸟类的发生的基础上进行的地理分析表明，Sarcpa湖的鸟类区系更类似于高北极岛屿的网站比那些大陆网站，但不包括的物种，其范围主要是在北极群岛。关键词：北极地理学，鸟类，物候，营巢密度，梅尔维尔半岛，多元分析
Forty species of birds were observed during field studies at Sarcpa Lake, Melville Peninsula, N.W.T. during the summers of 1981 and 1982. Evidence of breeding was found for 22 species and the first definite breeding records for the Melville Peninsula were obtained for Glaucous Gull, Pectoral Sandpiper and Semipalmated Sandpiper and Semipalmated Sandpiper. A hybrid pair of gulls (Glaucous x Herring Gull) also nested and this appears to be the first definite North American record of such a hybrid nesting. Fourteen additional breeding species expected to be present, based on maps in Godfrey (1966), were not found. Average breeding bird density (35 pr/sq km) was comparable to that on Bylot Island, but considerably higher than that measured at other High Arctic sites. Neither average breeding bird densities nor phenologies changed appreciably from year to year despite a late spring melt in 1982. In both years birds began their breeding activities as soon as suitable nesting and feeding habitat became available. A biogeographic analysis based on the occurrence of breeding birds at 25 other sites across the Canadian Arctic indicates that the avifauna at Sarcpa Lake is more similar to those of High Arctic island sites than to those of mainland sites, but includes none of the species whose ranges are mainly within the Arctic Archipelago. Key words: arctic biogeography, birds, phenology, nesting density, Melville Peninsula, multivariate analysis