Why has the number of scientific retractions increased?
Why has the number of scientific retractions increased?
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0068397
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Fang FC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steen RG;Casadevall A;Fang FC
被撤回的科学出版物数量急剧上升，但尚不清楚这是反映了有缺陷的文章发表的增加，还是有缺陷的文章被撤回的速度加快。我们研究了PubMed收录的2047篇撤回文章的发表和撤回之间的间隔时间。撤回时间(从发表文章到发表撤回)平均为32.91个月。在2002年或之前发表的714篇撤回文章中，撤回时间为49.82个月；在2002年以后发表的1,333篇撤回文章中，撤回时间为23.82个月(p<；0.0001)。这表明，期刊撤回论文的速度比过去更快了，尽管最近需要撤回的文章可能还没有得到认可。为了验证这样的假设，即经过仔细审查的文章的撤回时间更短，撤回时间与期刊影响因子(IF)相关。高IF期刊的撤稿时间显著缩短，但∼只有1%的撤稿时间差异可以用更严格的审查来解释。第一篇因抄袭而被撤回的文章发表于1979年，第一篇重复发表的文章于1990年发表，这表明现在文章被撤回的原因过去没有提到。在1972年至1992年，作者多次撤稿的比例影响比当前时代更大(p<；0.001)。从1972年到1992年，46.0%的撤稿论文是由单次撤稿作者撰写的；从1993年到2012年，63.1%的撤稿论文是由单次撤稿作者撰写的(p<；0.001)。撤回文章的增加似乎反映了作者和机构行为的变化。发表有缺陷的文章的门槛较低，这体现在作者一次撤回的撤回数量和比例的增加。撤回的门槛较低，这明显体现在对抄袭等“新”罪行撤回的增加，以及对有缺陷作品撤回的时间减少。
The number of retracted scientific publications has risen sharply, but it is unclear whether this reflects an increase in publication of flawed articles or an increase in the rate at which flawed articles are withdrawn. We examined the interval between publication and retraction for 2,047 retracted articles indexed in PubMed. Time-to-retraction (from publication of article to publication of retraction) averaged 32.91 months. Among 714 retracted articles published in or before 2002, retraction required 49.82 months; among 1,333 retracted articles published after 2002, retraction required 23.82 months (p<0.0001). This suggests that journals are retracting papers more quickly than in the past, although recent articles requiring retraction may not have been recognized yet. To test the hypothesis that time-to-retraction is shorter for articles that receive careful scrutiny, time-to-retraction was correlated with journal impact factor (IF). Time-to-retraction was significantly shorter for high-IF journals, but only ∼1% of the variance in time-to-retraction was explained by increased scrutiny. The first article retracted for plagiarism was published in 1979 and the first for duplicate publication in 1990, showing that articles are now retracted for reasons not cited in the past. The proportional impact of authors with multiple retractions was greater in 1972–1992 than in the current era (p<0.001). From 1972–1992, 46.0% of retracted papers were written by authors with a single retraction; from 1993 to 2012, 63.1% of retracted papers were written by single-retraction authors (p<0.001). The increase in retracted articles appears to reflect changes in the behavior of both authors and institutions. Lower barriers to publication of flawed articles are seen in the increase in number and proportion of retractions by authors with a single retraction. Lower barriers to retraction are apparent in an increase in retraction for “new” offenses such as plagiarism and a decrease in the time-to-retraction of flawed work.
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影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Furman, Jeffrey L.;Jensen, Kyle;Murray, Fiona
通讯作者：
Murray, Fiona
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1212247109
发表时间：
2012-10-16
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fang, Ferric C.;Steen, R. Grant;Casadevall, Arturo
通讯作者：
Casadevall, Arturo
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
GULLIS, RJ
通讯作者：
GULLIS, RJ
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Fang FC;Bennett JW;Casadevall A
通讯作者：
Casadevall A
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Fanelli D
通讯作者：
Fanelli D