Brain Energy Consumption Induced by Electrical Stimulation Promotes Systemic Glucose Uptake
Brain Energy Consumption Induced by Electrical Stimulation Promotes Systemic Glucose Uptake
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.05.009
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Oltmanns, Kerstin M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Binkofski, Ferdinand;Loebig, Michaela;Oltmanns, Kerstin M.
背景：经颅脑控制刺激是抑郁症、中风或帕金森氏病等神经精神疾病临床治疗策略的一部分。然而，通过经颅刺激来操纵大脑活动，不可避免地会影响到各种神经元和神经激素反馈回路的其他控制中心，因此可能会伴随着影响系统的代谢调节。由于下丘脑三磷酸腺苷敏感钾通道作为局部能量感受器，集中参与血糖稳态的调节，我们测试了经颅直流电刺激(TDC)是否导致兴奋诱导的一过性神经元能量耗竭，从而影响全身血糖稳态和相关的神经内分泌介质。方法：在交叉设计测试15名健康男性志愿者中，我们增加了阳极型tDC对神经元的兴奋作用，并用31个磷磁共振波谱检测了脑能量消耗。通过正常血糖-高胰岛素葡萄糖钳夹检测全身葡萄糖摄取量，神经激素测量组成应激系统的参数。结果：我们发现阳极tDCs诱导的神经元兴奋导致能量耗竭，通过~(31)P磁共振波谱进行定量。此外，在标准化的正常血糖-高胰岛素葡萄糖钳制过程中，tDCS诱导的脑能量消耗促进了系统的葡萄糖耐量，并降低了神经激素应激轴的活性。结论：我们的数据表明，经颅脑刺激不仅引起局部神经元过程的改变，而且明显影响由脑调节的下游代谢系统。因此，tDCs对代谢特征的有益影响可能使脑刺激成为一种有前途的非药物治疗方案，用于治疗各种神经精神疾病中药物引起或合并的代谢障碍。
Background: Controlled transcranial stimulation of the brain is part of clinical treatment strategies in neuropsychiatric diseases such as depression, stroke, or Parkinson's disease. Manipulating brain activity by transcranial stimulation, however, inevitably influences other control centers of various neuronal and neurohormonal feedback loops and therefore may concomitantly affect systemic metabolic regulation. Because hypothalamic adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels, which function as local energy sensors, are centrally involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, we tested whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) causes an excitation-induced transient neuronal energy depletion and thus influences systemic glucose homeostasis and related neuroendocrine mediators.Methods: In a crossover design testing 15 healthy male volunteers, we increased neuronal excitation by anodal tDCS versus sham and examined cerebral energy consumption with (31)phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Systemic glucose uptake was determined by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp, and neurohormonal measurements comprised the parameters of the stress systems.Results: We found that anodic tDCS-induced neuronal excitation causes an energetic depletion, as quantified by (31)phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Moreover, tDCS-induced cerebral energy consumption promotes systemic glucose tolerance in a standardized euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp procedure and reduces neurohormonal stress axes activity.Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that transcranial brain stimulation not only evokes alterations in local neuronal processes but also clearly influences downstream metabolic systems regulated by the brain. The beneficial effects of tDCS on metabolic features may thus qualify brain stimulation as a promising nonpharmacologic therapy option for drug-induced or comorbid metabolic disturbances in various neuropsychiatric diseases.