Wind-tunnel experimental studies of the spatial snow distribution over grass and bush surfaces
Wind-tunnel experimental studies of the spatial snow distribution over grass and bush surfaces
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DOI：
10.1007/s42241-022-0009-4
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发表时间：
2022-02
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Guang Li;Jun Qin;Hong-xiang Yu;N. Huang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guang Li;Jun Qin;Hong-xiang Yu;N. Huang
雪是我国北方和西部草原最重要的水资源之一，而大风吹雪现象普遍存在，会导致严重灾害，给当地畜牧业和交通运输带来危害。合理配置防雪林是防止风吹雪最经济有效的方法之一，对其防风阻雪效果进行了大量的研究。然而，森林中降雪和吹雪的沉积模式在很大程度上仍然未知。本文采用风洞试验方法，以麸皮为雪替代物，研究了植被（草、灌）对风速廓线和积雪空间分布的影响。分析了两种灌木模型的阻雪能力，以说明不同覆盖率对阻雪能力的影响。结果表明：草和灌木对风速廓线有不同的影响，降雪量、风速、植被高度和覆盖度决定了植被的阻雪能力及其空间分布。在工程设计中，如果要求在植被的迎风面或植被中积雪，则需要密集布置林带，如果要求在植被的背风面积雪，则可以采用稀疏林带。为牧区合理配置防雪林提供参考。
The snow is one of the most important water resources in grassland in northern and western China, while the wind blowing snow due to the strong wind there is a common phenomenon, which can lead to heavy disasters to harm the local animal husbandry and transportation. A reasonable arrangement of the snow protection forests is one of the most economical and effective methods to prevent the wind blowing snow, and a great number of investigations were carried out for its wind block effects. However, the deposition patterns of the snowfall and the blowing snow in the forests are still largely unknown. In this study, the wind tunnel experiments are performed to investigate the influences of the vegetation (grass and bush) on the wind speed profiles and the spatial distribution of the accumulated snow, by using the bran as the snow substitute. The snow blocking abilities of two bush models are analyzed to show the effects of different coverages. The results show that the grass and the bush have different effects on the wind speed profiles, and the snow-blocking abilities of the vegetation and the resulting spatial distribution are determined by the amount of the snowfall, the wind speed, and the height and the coverage of the vegetation. For the engineering design, if the snow is required on the windward side of the vegetation or in the vegetation, the densely arranged forest belts are needed, if the snow is required to accumulate on the leeward side of the vegetation, the sparse forest belts can be used. This work would be helpful as a reference to the reasonable arrangement of the snow-protection forests in pastoral areas.