LC-MS/MS Analysis of Ciguatoxins Revealing the Regional and Species Distinction of Fish in the Tropical Western Pacific
LC-MS/MS Analysis of Ciguatoxins Revealing the Regional and Species Distinction of Fish in the Tropical Western Pacific
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DOI：
10.3390/jmse9030299
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Asakura, Hiroshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Oshiro, Naomasa;Tomikawa, Takumi;Asakura, Hiroshi
雪卡特拉鱼中毒(CFP)是最常见的海产品中毒性疾病之一。它是热带地区特有的，最常发生在太平洋、印度洋和加勒比海周围地区。引起CFP的主要毒素是雪卡毒素(CTX)。在太平洋区域，迄今已确定了20多种CTX类似物。根据它们的骨架结构，它们被分为CTX1B型和CTX3C型毒素。我们之前已经报告了特定物种和特定地区的毒素图谱。本研究利用液质联用(LC-MS/MS)技术对热带西太平洋地区鱼类中CTX的含量和分布进行了分析。来自斐济、菲律宾、泰国和台湾等地的四十二种鱼类标本，分别属于笛卡尔、石斑鱼、鳕鱼和海鳗。只有从斐济沿海水域捕获的鱼含有可检测到的CTX。斐济主岛维提列夫岛沿海地区发现的鱼种的毒素水平和毒素谱与其他沿海地区的鱼种有很大不同。在不同沿海地区采集的不同鱼类样品中，毒素水平和分布有所不同。根据毒素水平和毒素分布，海岸被划分为三个区域。在涵盖主岛北部海岸以及马拉克岛和科罗沃地区的第一区，鱼类中的CTX低于检测水平。在第二区，CTX3C型毒素在鱼中的含量很低。CTX1B型和CTX3C型毒素同时存在于3区的鱼类体内。毒素谱可能反映了冈比亚的变异。
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is one of the most frequently reported seafood poisoning diseases. It is endemic to the tropical region and occurs most commonly in the regions around the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Caribbean Sea. The principal toxins causing CFP are ciguatoxins (CTXs). In the Pacific region, more than 20 analogs of CTXs have been identified to date. Based on their skeletal structures, they are classified into CTX1B-type and CTX3C-type toxins. We have previously reported species-specific and regional-specific toxin profiles. In this study, the levels and profiles of CTXs in fish present in the tropical western Pacific regions were analyzed using the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique. Forty-two fish specimens, belonging to the categories of snappers, groupers, Spanish mackerel, and moray eel, were purchased from various places such as Fiji, the Philippines, Thailand, and Taiwan. Only the fish captured from Fijian coastal waters contained detectable amounts of CTXs. The toxin levels in the fish species found along the coastal regions of the Viti Levu Island, the main island in Fiji, and the toxin profiles were significantly different from those of the fish species present in other coastal regions. The toxin levels and profiles varied among the different fish samples collected from different coastal areas. Based on the toxin levels and toxin profiles, the coast was demarcated into three zones. In Zone-1, which covers the northern coast of the main island and the regions of the Malake Island and Korovau, CTXs in fish were below the detection level. In Zone-2, CTX3C-type toxins were present in low levels in the fish. CTX1B-type and CTX3C-type toxins co-occurred in the fish present in Zone-3. The toxin profiles may have reflected the variation in Gambierdiscus spp.