An alternate binding site for PPARγ ligands.

An alternate binding site for PPARγ ligands.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms4571
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发表时间:
2014-04-07
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Kojetin, Douglas J.
Kojetin, Douglas J.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hughes, Travis S.;Giri, Pankaj Kumar;de Vera, Ian Mitchelle S.;Marciano, David P.;Kuruvilla, Dana S.;Shin, Youseung;Blayo, Anne-Laure;Kamenecka, Theodore M.;Burris, Thomas P.;Griffin, Patrick R.;Kojetin, Douglas J.

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PPARγ是胰岛素增敏药物的靶标,如格列酮,可改善糖尿病患者的血糖维持。人工合成的配体被设计成模拟内源性配体与典型配体结合口袋的结合,以超激活PPARγ。在这里,我们发现合成的PPARγ配体也结合到另一个位点,导致独特的受体构象变化,影响共调节因子的结合、反激活和靶基因的表达。通过结构-功能研究,我们发现交替位点结合发生在药理学上相关的配体浓度下,并且既不会被共价结合的合成拮抗剂阻断,也不会被内源性配体阻断,这表明与规范口袋的结合没有重叠。交替位点结合可能导致体内PPARγ过度激活,这可能解释了为什么PPARγ完全和部分或弱激动剂表现出类似的副作用。这些发现扩大了我们对配体激活PPARγ的理解,并表明可以设计变构调节剂来微调PPARγ的活性,而不与内源性配体竞争。
PPARγ is a target for insulin sensitizing drugs such as glitazones, which improve plasma glucose maintenance in patients with diabetes. Synthetic ligands have been designed to mimic endogenous ligand binding to a canonical ligand-binding pocket to hyperactivate PPARγ. Here we reveal that synthetic PPARγ ligands also bind to an alternate site, leading to unique receptor conformational changes that impact coregulator binding, transactivation and target gene expression. Using structure-function studies we show that alternate site binding occurs at pharmacologically relevant ligand concentrations, and is neither blocked by covalently bound synthetic antagonists nor by endogenous ligands indicating non-overlapping binding with the canonical pocket. Alternate site binding likely contributes to PPARγ hyperactivation in vivo, perhaps explaining why PPARγ full and partial or weak agonists display similar adverse effects. These findings expand our understanding of PPARγ activation by ligands and suggest that allosteric modulators could be designed to fine tune PPARγ activity without competing with endogenous ligands.
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