Blind and sighted pedestrians' judgments of gaps in traffic at roundabouts
Blind and sighted pedestrians' judgments of gaps in traffic at roundabouts
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DOI：
10.1518/0018720054679533
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Ponchillia, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guth, D;Ashmead, D;Ponchillia, P
以现代环形交叉口为研究对象，进行了两个自由流条件下的过街试验。实验一在三个不同大小和交通量的环形交叉口进行。六个完全失明和六个有视力的成年人判断交通间隙是否足够长，以允许在下一辆车到达之前穿过中间（分流器）岛。差距分布和判断质量的措施报告。总体而言，盲人参与者做出正确判断的可能性比视力正常的参与者低2.5倍，需要更长的时间来检测可跨越的差距，并且更有可能完全错过可跨越的差距。然而，仅在两个较高体积的圆处差异显著。在实验2中，我们评估了司机对有和没有移动设备的行人的反应（即，长手杖、木屐引导）。实验在单车道环形交叉口、中间街区交叉口和双向停车控制交叉口进行。场地特定的特征似乎对驾驶员的屈服有更大的影响，而不是移动设备。这项研究的实际或潜在应用包括开发用于评估行人安全和驾驶员行为的方法，以及确定可能需要修改的交叉口，以便盲人行人可以进入。
This paper reports two experiments about street crossing under conditions of free flowing traffic, with a focus on modern roundabout intersections. Experiment I was conducted at three roundabouts varying in size and traffic volume. Six totally blind and six sighted adults judged whether gaps in traffic were long enough to permit crossing to the median (splitter) island before the next vehicle arrived. Gap distributions and measures of judgment quality are reported. Overall, blind participants were about 2.5 times less likely to make correct judgments than sighted participants, took longer to detect crossable gaps, and were more likely to miss crossable gaps altogether. However, the differences were significant only at the two higher volume roundabouts. In Experiment 2, we evaluated the response of drivers to pedestrians with and without mobility devices (i.e., long canes, clog guides). The experiment was conducted at a single-lane roundabout, a midblock crossing, and a two-way-stop-controlled intersection. Site-specific characteristics appeared to have a greater impact on drivers' yielding than did a mobility device. Actual or potential applications of this research include the development of methods for assessing pedestrian safety and driver behavior as well as identifying intersections that may require modification in order to be accessible to blind pedestrians.