Laponite nanoclay-modified sacrificial composite ink for perfusable channel creation via embedded 3D printing
Laponite nanoclay-modified sacrificial composite ink for perfusable channel creation via embedded 3D printing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.110851
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发表时间：
2023-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Ren;Kaidong Song;Yunxia Chen;W. Murfee;Yong Huang
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文献类型：
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作者：
B. Ren;Kaidong Song;Yunxia Chen;W. Murfee;Yong Huang
血管化是发展玻璃体厚组织结构的主要障碍。幸运的是，嵌入式牺牲印刷已经成为一种很有前途的制造可灌装通道的技术。本研究的目的是研制一种粘土改性聚乙烯醇(PVA)牺牲复合油墨，在可灌装通道的嵌入打印过程中，该油墨具有改善印刷适性、最小化互扩散系数和满意的印刷后可拆卸性。在PVA-磷灰石纳米粘土复合油墨中加入磷灰石纳米粘土，不仅显著改善了PVA-磷灰石纳米粘土复合油墨的印刷适性，而且大大缓解了明胶前驱体溶液与PVA-磷灰石纳米粘土复合油墨之间的互扩散。明胶前体溶液在PVA-磷灰石纳米粘土复合油墨中的扩散对于印刷可控制的可灌装通道是非常重要的，因为扩散的明胶可能在印刷过程中和印刷后与明胶复合基质一样交联，导致明胶凝胶残留在通道中并改变通道尺寸。特别是，PVA-2.0%的膨润土纳米粘土牺牲油墨在保持良好的印刷后可去除性的同时，表现出良好的印刷适性和最小的互扩散系数，可以作为一种良好的可灌流厚纸创作的牺牲复合油墨。基于单向扩散模型，可以很好地预测明胶溶液扩散引起的通道直径减小。本研究进一步论证了将所提出的牺牲墨水用于血管组织工程应用的可行性。
Vascularization is a major hurdle in developingin vitrothick tissue constructs. Fortunately, embedded sacrificial printing has emerged as a promising technology to fabricate perfusable channels. The objective of this study is to develop a Laponite nanoclay-modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sacrificial composite ink that has improved printability, minimized interdiffusivity, and satisfactory post-printing removability during embedded printing of perfusable channels. With the addition of Laponite nanoclay, not only the printability of the PVA-Laponite nanoclay composite ink is significantly improved, but also the interdiffusion between the gelatin precursor solution and the PVA-Laponite nanoclay composite ink is largely mitigated. The diffusion of the gelatin precursor solution into the PVA-Laponite nanoclay composite ink is of great importance for printing controllable perfusable channels since the diffused gelatin may cross-link as the gelatin composite matrix does during and after printing, resulting in residual gelatin gel in the channel and altered channel dimensions. In particular, the PVA-2.0% Laponite nanoclay sacrificial ink shows good printability and minimized interdiffusivity while maintaining good post-printing removability, which can be a good sacrificial composite ink for thick perfusable tissue creations. The channel diameter reduction due to the gelatin solution diffusion can be satisfactorily predicted based on the unidirectional diffusion model. This study further demonstrates the feasibility of using the proposed sacrificial ink for vascular tissue engineering applications.