Mechanisms of cardiovascular drugs as antioxidants.
Mechanisms of cardiovascular drugs as antioxidants.
复制标题
心血管药物作为抗氧化剂的机制。
DOI：
10.1016/0022-2828(90)90083-e
复制
发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Simìc,MG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weglicki,WB;Mak,IT;Simìc,MG
生物系统中的氧化过程将分子氧纳入必要的代谢过程所需的生化反应中。线粒体的磷酸化，通过混合功能氧化酶的药物代谢等，是在有氧生物体中进化出来的生物学机制。哺乳动物的组织是由许多分子“积木”，是容易受到另一种形式的氧化，即过氧化。组织中潜在的过氧化位点包括脂肪酸的不饱和键，特别是含有多种形式结构脂质的生物膜中的脂肪酸。生物膜，如质膜，也为药物和其他物质提供疏水结合位点，这些物质存在于膜中：例如天然抗氧化剂，如维生素E和β-胡萝卜素，它们与膜的脂质和蛋白质相互作用。此外，细胞含有亲水性环境，例如胞质溶胶，其为水溶性抗氧化剂如抗坏血酸盐（维生素C）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）提供天然位点。在正常组织中，上述“天然抗氧化剂”为细胞和细胞外空间提供抗氧化保护。在维生素缺乏状态下，如早产儿维生素E缺乏症[I]或坏血病，维生素C缺乏的后果，发生特征性病理变化。尽管抗氧化维生素的生物学需求已经研究了许多年[ZJ]，但其他合成化合物（如药物）在组织中充当抗氧化剂的能力是最近感兴趣的领域。本次审查的目的是概述这一领域的一些最新发展。
Introduction The process of oxidation in biological systems incorporates molecular oxygen into biochemical reactions necessary for essential metabolic processes. Phosphorylation of mitochondria, drug metabolism by mixed function oxidases etc., are such biological mechanisms that have evolved in aerobic organisms. Mammalian tissues are composed of a number of molecular “building blocks” that are susceptible to another form of oxidation, ie peroxidation. Among the potential sites of peroxidation in tissues are the unsaturated bonds of fatty acids, particularly those in biological membranes that contain many forms of structural lipids. Biological membranes, such as the plasmalemma, also provide hydrophobic binding sites for drugs and other substances that reside in membranes: eg natural antioxidants such as vitamin E and beta-carotene, which interact with lipids and proteins of membranes. In addition, cells contain hydrophilic environments, eg cytosol, that provide natural sites for water soluble antioxidants such as ascorbate (vitamin C), and glutathione (GSH). In the normal tissue, the above “natural antioxidants” provide antioxidant protection to the cells and extracellular spaces. In vitamin deficiency states, such as vitamin E deficiency in premature infants [I] or scurvy, a consequence of vitamin C deficiency, characteristic pathological changes occur. Although the biological requirements for antioxidant vitamins have been studied for a number of years [ZJ, the ability of other synthetic compounds, such as drugs, to act as antioxidants in tissues is an area of recent interest. The purpose of this review is to outline some of the recent developments in this area.