The Fall in Older Adults: Physical and Cognitive Problems.
The Fall in Older Adults: Physical and Cognitive Problems.
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DOI：
10.2174/1874609809666160630124552
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Michel, Lacour
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Laurence, Bernard Demanze;Michel, Lacour
背景技术背景：老龄化的姿势和平衡功能改变了老年人的生活质量，并导致严重的问题，在公共卫生和社会经济成本为我们的现代society.METHOD：本文回顾了各种原因的不平衡和头晕的老年人，并考虑如何防止福尔斯，以及如何恢复一个较低的主题，以恢复良好的生活质量。两种有效的干预方法进行了讨论，强调身体活动和认知刺激，经典或使用虚拟现实和视频games.RESULTS的最新技术进步的关键作用：在老年人跌倒的结果从衰老机制作用于感觉和认知领域。外周感觉受体和肌肉骨骼系统的结构和功能完整性随着年龄的增长而恶化。大脑年龄和执行功能，记忆，学习，信息的皮层处理，注意力资源的共享和集中，在老年人中被修改。心理情感因素，如抑郁，焦虑和压力也有助于加速感觉运动和认知能力的下降。在老年人的姿势平衡的康复必须考虑到所有这些组件.CONCLUSION：人口老龄化和寿命的增加是一个挑战，我们的现代社会的主要健康和社会经济问题，他们提出。老年人的跌倒是平衡功能老化的严重后果之一，因此必须制定平衡康复程序。
BACKGROUND: The aging of posture and balance function alters the quality of life in older people and causes serious problems in terms of public health and socio-economic costs for our modern societies.METHOD: This article reviews the various causes of imbalance and dizziness in the elderly, and considers how to prevent falls, and how to rehabilitate a faller subject in order to regain a good quality of life. Two effective ways of intervention are discussed, emphasizing the crucial role of physical activity and cognitive stimulation, classic or using the latest technical advances in virtual reality and video games.RESULTS: Fall in the elderly result from aging mechanisms acting on both the sensorimotor and cognitive spheres. The structural and functional integrity of the peripheral sensory receptors and the musculoskeletal system deteriorate with age. The brain ages and the executive functions, memory, learning, cortical processing of information, sharing of attentional resources and concentration, are modified in the elderly. Psychological affective factors such as depression, anxiety and stress contribute also to speed up the sensorimotor and cognitive decline. The rehabilitation of the postural balance in the elderly must take into account all of these components.CONCLUSION: The aging of the population and the increased of lifespan are a challenge for our modern societies regarding the major health and socio-economic questions they raise. The fall in the elderly being one of the dramatic consequences of the aging equilibration function, it is therefore imperative to develop rehabilitation procedures of balance.