Leishmania isoenzyme polymorphisms in Ecuador:: Relationships with geographic distribution and clinical presentation
Leishmania isoenzyme polymorphisms in Ecuador:: Relationships with geographic distribution and clinical presentation
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2334-6-139
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发表时间：
2006-09-13
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hashiguchi, Yoshihisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calvopina, Manuel;Armijos, Rodrigo X.;Hashiguchi, Yoshihisa
背景：利什曼病临床表现的决定因素尚不清楚，但利什曼原虫的种类和菌株差异是重要的。为了研究临床表现、种类和同工酶多态性之间的关系，对来自厄瓜多尔的56株不同表现的美洲被纹利什曼病（ATL）进行了分析。方法：采用多位点酶电泳法对分离菌株进行11个同工酶多态性分析。患者在四个不同的生态区域受到感染：太平洋海岸的高地和低地丛林、亚马逊低地和安第斯高地。结果：共鉴定出6种利什曼原虫，共21种酶型：巴拿马利什曼原虫（21株，7种酶型）、古炎利什曼原虫（7株，4种酶型）、巴西利什曼原虫（5株，3种酶型）、墨西哥利什曼原虫（11株，4种酶型）、亚马逊利什曼原虫（10株，2种酶型）和大利什曼原虫（2株，1种酶型）。巴拿马乳杆菌是太平洋地区最常发现的物种，与几种皮肤病的临床变异有关；在太平洋高地发现的8例皮肤再发利什曼病（LRC）与该物种的3种酶型有关。仅在亚马逊地区发现的粘膜皮肤利什曼病与巴西L.的3种酶有关。在安第斯高原发现的丘疹型CL， Uta主要与L. mexicana的单一酶型有关。结论：我们的数据显示物种内存在高度的表型变异，并且一些证据表明ATL的特定变体（即Uta和LRC）与特定利什曼原虫酶之间存在关联。本研究进一步确定了厄瓜多尔利什曼原虫种类的地理分布和ATL的临床变异。
Background: Determinants of the clinical presentation of the leishmaniases are poorly understood but Leishmania species and strain differences are important. To examine the relationship between clinical presentation, species and isoenzyme polymorphisms, 56 Leishmania isolates from distinct presentations of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) from Ecuador were analyzed.Methods: Isolates were characterized by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for polymorphisms of 11 isoenzymes. Patients were infected in four different ecologic regions: highland and lowland jungle of the Pacific coast, Amazonian lowlands and Andean highlands.Results: Six Leishmania species constituting 21 zymodemes were identified: L. (Viannia) panamensis (21 isolates, 7 zymodemes), L. (V.) guyanensis (7 isolates, 4 zymodemes), L. (V.) braziliensis (5 isolates, 3 zymodemes), L. (Leishmania) mexicana (11 isolates, 4 zymodemes), L. (L.) amazonensis (10 isolates, 2 zymodemes) and L. (L.) major (2 isolates, 1 zymodeme). L. panamensis was the species most frequently identified in the Pacific region and was associated with several clinical variants of cutaneous disease (CL); eight cases of leishmaniasis recidiva cutis (LRC) found in the Pacific highlands were associated with 3 zymodemes of this species. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis found only in the Amazonian focus was associated with 3 zymodemes of L. braziliensis. The papular variant of CL, Uta, found in the Andean highlands was related predominantly with a single zymodeme of L. mexicana.Conclusion: Our data show a high degree of phenotypic variation within species, and some evidence for associations between specific variants of ATL (i.e. Uta and LRC) and specific Leishmania zymodemes. This study further defines the geographic distribution of Leishmania species and clinical variants of ATL in Ecuador.