Agreeable fancy or disagreeable truth? Reconciling self-enhancement and self-verification.
Agreeable fancy or disagreeable truth? Reconciling self-enhancement and self-verification.
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.57.5.782
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发表时间：
1989-11
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
W. Swann;B. Pelham;Douglas S. Krull
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Swann;B. Pelham;Douglas S. Krull
三项研究探讨了人们为何有时寻求积极反馈（自我提升），有时又寻求主观上准确的反馈（自我验证）。与自我提升理论一致，低自尊者和高自尊者都表示，他们更倾向于与自身积极的自我认知相关的反馈，而非消极的自我认知相关的反馈。与自我验证理论相符，那些寻求与自身积极自我概念相关的有利反馈的人，无论其整体自尊水平如何，都会寻求与自身消极自我概念相关的不利反馈。显然，尽管所有人都更倾向于寻求与自身积极自我认知相关的反馈，但当他们寻求与自身消极自我认知相关的反馈时，他们寻求的是不利反馈。因此，人们是进行自我提升还是自我验证似乎是由相关自我概念的积极性决定的，而非他们的自尊水平或他们是何种类型的人。
Three studies asked why people sometimes seek positive feedback (self-enhance) and sometimes seek subjectively accurate feedback (self-verify). Consistent with self-enhancement theory, people with low self-esteem as well as those with high self-esteem indicated that they preferred feedback pertaining to their positive rather than negative self-views. Consistent with self-verification theory, the very people who sought favorable feedback pertaining to their positive self-conceptions sought unfavorable feedback pertaining to their negative self-views, regardless of their level of global self-esteem. Apparently, although all people prefer to seek feedback regarding their positive self-views, when they seek feedback regarding their negative self-views, they seek unfavorable feedback. Whether people self-enhance or self-verify thus seems to be determined by the positivity of the relevant self-conceptions rather than their level of self-esteem or the type of person they are.