Structures of Social Action: Pursuing a response
Structures of Social Action: Pursuing a response
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社会行动的结构：寻求回应
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Anita M. Pomerantz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anita M. Pomerantz
如果说话者执行一个请求响应的动作，它可能成功，也可能失败。接受者可能听不到或不理解谈话内容，他们可能不予理睬，继续参与其他活动，甚至采取其他行动。他们可能会听到并理解谈话，但保留他们的反应。如果接受者没有给出一个连贯的回应，说话者通常会认为接受者的行为表现出一些问题，并处理它。他或她可能会放弃获得回应的尝试，可能会推断接受者的回应，但让它保持不清晰，或者可能会追求一个清晰的回应。本章考察了说话者对其主张寻求回应的一些程序。如果一个说话者向一个了解此事的接受者做出断言，他或她可能会期望接受者确认（或否认）该断言。接收者可以直接处理先前的谈话，例如，确认、详细说明、质疑、查询或否定断言。另一方面，他或她可能看起来茫然或质疑，或者可能发出犹豫的声音，如“啊”、“瓮”和“威尔斯”。研究的数据包括说话者未能从接受者那里得到连贯的确认或不确认的谈话片段，并进一步追究此事。如果接受者未能给出连贯的回应，他或她的行为是有责任的：说话者根据接受者在回应方面有一些问题来理解它。
Introduction If a speaker performs an action that solicits a response, it may or may not succeed. Recipients may not hear the talk or understand it. They may ignore it and continue to be involved elsewhere or even initiate other actions. They may hear and understand the talk but withhold their responses. If a recipient does not give a coherent response, the speaker routinely sees the recipient's behavior as manifesting some problem and deals with it. He or she may abandon the attempt to get a response, may infer the recipient's response but let it remain unarticulated, or may pursue an articulated response. This chapter examines some procedures through which speakers pursue responses to their assertions. If a speaker makes an assertion to a recipient who is knowledgeable on the matter, he or she may expect the recipient to confirm (or disconfirm) the assertion. The recipient may directly address the prior talk, for example, confirm, elaborate on, challenge, query, or disconfirm the assertion. On the other hand, he or she may look blank or questioning, or may make hesitating noises such as Uhs, Urns, and Wells. The data for the study consist of fragments of talk in which a speaker fails to get a coherent confirmation or disconfirmation from the recipient and pursues the matter further. If a recipient fails to give a coherent response, his or her behavior is accountable: The speaker makes sense of it in terms of the recipient having some problem in responding.