THE INCIDENCE OF PLASTIC IN THE DIETS OF ANTARCTIC SEABIRDS
THE INCIDENCE OF PLASTIC IN THE DIETS OF ANTARCTIC SEABIRDS
复制标题
南极海鸟饮食中塑料的含量
DOI：
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. B. Spear
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Ainley;W. Fraser;L. B. Spear
1976年至1988年，我们调查了南极地区海鸟的食性。在研究期间，我们在罗斯、南部斯科舍、威德尔海和德雷克海峡进行了八次巡航，收集或抽取了23个物种的1,223只海鸟的胃。正如预期的那样，海面上几乎没有塑料;这些鸟完全以活的猎物为生。在表面觅食的物种中，大多数都吃活的和死的生物，在较小的物种和杂食动物或以浮游动物和微浮游动物为食的物种中，塑料的发生率最高。这包括大多数南大洋飞行的鸟类。塑料在它们中的发生率是它们的种群在冬季经常出现在南极以外的沃茨的程度的函数。常年生活在南极辐合带以南的人几乎没有摄入塑料的证据。在那些夏季到南极洲旅游的物种中，饮食中塑料的发生率随着纬度的增加而下降。这些结果表明，要么是南极辐合带阻止了通常在北部海面发现的塑料碎片进入南大洋，要么是其他因素，如浮冰向北移动，清除了海洋中的塑料。结果还表明，漂浮的塑料碎片在南极还不是问题，它是在更北方沃茨。在下面进食的物种的胃容物
We investigated the diets of seabirds at sea in the Antarctic from 1976 to 1988. During the study period, on eight cruises in the Ross, southern Scotia, and Weddell Seas and Drake Passage, we collected or pumped the stomachs of 1,223 seabirds of 23 species. the sea surface contained little plastic, as expected; these birds live entirely on live prey. Among species that feed at the surface, most of which eat both live and dead organisms, incidence of plastic was highest among the smaller ones and those that are omnivores, or feed on zooplankton and micronekton. This includes the majority of Southern Ocean flighted birds. Incidence of plastic among them was a function of the degree to which their populations frequented waters outside of the Antarctic during the winter. that live south of the Antarctic Convergence year-round there was little evidence of plastic ingestion. Among those species that are summer visitors to the Antarctic, incidence of plastic in the diet decreased with increased latitude. These results indicate either that the Antarctic Convergence blocks plastic debris, which is commonly found at the sea surface in the north, from entering the Southern Ocean, or that other factors such as the northward movement of pack ice sweeps the sea clear of plastic. Results also suggest that floating plastic debris is not yet the problem in the Antarctic that it is in more northern waters. The stomach contents of species that feed below