Studies of the biology of the death-watch beetle, Xestobium rufovillosum de G. III: fungal decay in timber in relation to the occurrence and rate of development of the insect.
Studies of the biology of the death-watch beetle, Xestobium rufovillosum de G. III: fungal decay in timber in relation to the occurrence and rate of development of the insect.
复制标题
对死亡守望甲虫 Xestobium rufovillosum de G. III 的生物学研究：木材中的真菌腐烂与昆虫的发生和发育速度的关系。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-7348.1940.tb07525.x
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发表时间：
1940
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
R. C. Fisher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. C. Fisher
本文详细介绍了在英国进行的关于真菌腐烂对橡木、杨柳和其他木材在不同温度和湿度条件下是否适合受红丛枝孢菌侵染的影响的调查。其中一些结果已经从其他来源注意到[R.A.E.，A 28 452; 29 178]。在健全的杨柳，攻击的进展是非常缓慢的，在一个明显健全的样本，显示部分腐烂的痕迹，幼虫仍然活着，但不到一半的发展后，91/2年。在杨柳中，在22-25°C的温度下，仅在10-17个月内就完成了发育。[71.6-77°F.]相对湿度80- 90%。结果与橡木边材[28 452]相似，橡木心材在声音时不会受到攻击，但当严重腐烂时，被隐翅虫（Acidylinus cryptarum）和腐烂的边材一样敏感，边材的明显偏好是由于其更容易受到真菌腐烂。用来自英属洪都拉斯的一种非耐用硬木banak（Virola merendonis）进行的测试证实了这一结论，即严重腐烂的硬木特别适合攻击。欧洲赤松（Pinus sylvestris）和锡特卡云杉（Picea sitchensis），即使严重腐烂，也不太适合。未腐烂的轻木（Ochromasp.），由于密度低，可能对幼虫的钻蛀只有轻微的抵抗力，也是不合适的。本文还列出了在腐烂的橡树和杨柳中发现的真菌，这些树木是X的自然栖息地。红绒毛;注意到8种真菌，大多数木材破坏物种造成棕色或白色腐烂，已确定从受感染的木材;和讨论的轴承之间的关系真菌腐烂和X。rufovillosumon在建筑物中蔓延的虫害。
Details are given of investigations in England on the effect of decay by fungi on the suitability of oak, willow and other timber under different conditions of temperature and humidity for infestation byXestobium rufovillosumDeG., some of the results of which have already been noticed from other sources [R.A.E., A 28 452; 29 178]. In sound willow, the progress of attack was very slow, and in an apparently sound sample that showed traces of decay in parts, larvae were still living but less than half developed after 91/2 years. In willow, severely decayed throughout byGoniophora cerebelladevelopment was completed in only 10-17 months at temperatures of 22-25°C. [71.6-77°F.] and 80-90 per cent. relative humidity. Results similar to those given for oak sapwood [28 452] were obtained with oak heartwood, which was not attacked when sound but which, when severely decayed byPhellinus cryptarumwas as susceptible as decayed sapwood, the apparent preference for sapwood being due to its greater liability to fungous decay. Tests with banak (Virola merendonis), a non-durable hardwood from British Honduras, confirmed the conclusion that severely decayed hardwoods are particularly suitable for attack. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), even when severely decayed, were less suitable. Undecayed balsa (Ochromasp.), which, owing to its low density, might be expected to offer only slight resistance to larval boring, was also unsuitable.The paper also contains a list of the fungi found in decayed oak and willow trees, which are the natural habitat ofX. rufovillosum; notes on eight species of fungi, mostly wood-destroying species causing brown or white rots, that have been identified from infested timbers; and a discussion of the bearing of the relation between fungous decay andX. rufovillosumon the spread of infestation in buildings.