Racial differences in suicidality in an older urban population.
Racial differences in suicidality in an older urban population.
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城市老年人自杀倾向的种族差异。
DOI：
10.1093/geront/48.1.71
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Casimir,GeorgesJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cohen,CarlI;Colemon,Yolonda;Yaffee,Robert;Casimir,GeorgesJ
目的：本研究使用居住在城市社区的老年非裔美国人和白种人的流行病学数据来比较每个种族群体中与主动或被动自杀意念相关的因素。设计和方法：使用纽约布鲁克林 1990 年人口普查数据，我们试图采访随机选择的街区组中所有 55 岁或以上认知完好的成年人。样本包括 214 名白人和 860 名黑人。我们采用 George 的社会先行模型来检验 19 个自变量；因变量基于被动或主动自杀意念（以下简称自杀）的一生历史。我们按种族和性别对样本进行加权。为了控制抽样设计的影响，我们使用 SUDAAN 进行数据分析。结果：白人报告的当前自杀率（5.8% vs 2.3%）和终生自杀率（14.8% vs 10.2%）高于黑人。没有任何差异显着。在对每个种族进行的逻辑回归分析中，四个变量与两个种族的自杀率相关：较高的抑郁症状评分、较高的焦虑症状评分、使用药物应对以及较低的宗教信仰。仅在白人中，有两个变量与自杀有关：更多地使用招魂术和通过保持冷静来应对。一个变量，即更多地使用医生来解决心理健康问题，仅在黑人中显着。含义：自杀率不存在种族差异。事实上，所有与自杀相关的因素都有可能得到改善。在这两个种族群体中，自杀可能会受到解决抑郁和焦虑症状的影响，并在适当的情况下鼓励各种应对策略，尤其是宗教信仰。
Purpose:This study used epidemiological data of older African Americans and Caucasians living in an urban community to compare those factors associated with active or passive suicidal ideation in each racial group.Design and Methods:Using 1990 census data for Brooklyn, New York, we attempted to interview all cognitively intact adults aged 55 or older in randomly selected block groups. The sample consisted of 214 Whites and 860 Blacks. We adapted George's social antecedent model to examine 19 independent variables; the dependent variable was based on lifetime history of passive or active suicidal ideation (hereafter,suicidality). We weighted the sample by race and gender. To control for sampling design effects, we used SUDAAN for data analysis.Results:Whites reported higher prevalence than Blacks for current suicidality (5.8% vs 2.3%) and lifetime suicidality (14.8% vs 10.2%). None of the differences were significant. In logistic regression analysis conducted for each race, four variables were associated with suicidality within both races: higher depressive symptom scores, higher anxiety symptom scores, copes by using medications, and lower religiosity. Two variables were associated with suicidality only among Whites: higher use of spiritualists and copes by keeping calm. One variable, greater use of doctors for mental health problems, was significant only among Blacks.Implications:There were no racial differences in the prevalence of suicidality. Virtually all of the factors associated with suicidality are potentially ameliorable. Among both racial groups, suicidality is likely to be impacted by addressing depressive and anxiety symptoms and, when appropriate, by encouraging various coping strategies, especially religiosity.