A Review for Concept Clarification of Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment in Nursing Education
A Review for Concept Clarification of Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment in Nursing Education
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DOI：
10.5977/jkasne.2019.25.3.378
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lee, Dong-Suk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lee, Dong-Suk
目的：本文对批判性思维、临床推理和临床判断的概念界定进行了综述，目前尚缺乏共识，且使用不一。方法：采用Norris的概念澄清法，对尚未明确定义或概念化的概念进行回顾。结果如下：本文综述了各个学科的相关文献，根据概念的异同对各个概念进行了分类，并提出了假设的概念图式。结论：临床推理和临床判断是临床情境特定的概念，而批判性思维是应用于一般情境的概念。批判性思维是一个更广泛的概念，是临床推理和临床判断的基础。临床推理先于临床判断。临床判断是指临床推理的终点或结论。批判性思维、临床推理和临床判断中的每一个都是认知和情感过程，而不是心理过程。临床能力的概念涉及临床推理和临床判断的认知过程后采取的行动。
Purpose: This article is a comprehensive review for concept clarification of critical thinking, clinical reasoning, and clinical judgment, which still lack a consensus and are of mixed use. Methods: Norris’s method of concept clarification was used to review concepts that have no clear definition or conceptualization yet. Results: This review summarized literature from various disciplines, classified each concept based on similarities and differences, and provided hypothetic conceptual schema. Conclusion: Clinical reasoning and clinical judgment are clinical situation specific concepts, while critical thinking is a concept applied in general situations. Critical thinking is a broader concept and serves as a foundation for clinical reasoning and clinical judgment. Clinical reasoning precedes clinical judgment. Clinical judgement implies the end point or conclusion of clinical reasoning. Each of critical thinking, clinical reasoning, and clinical judgment is a cognitive and affective process not a psychomotor process. The concept of clinical competency involves action taken after the cognitive processes of clinical reasoning and clinical judgment.